Recent human and animal studies have demonstrated that in severe end-stage heart failure (HF), the cardiac muscle switches to a more fetal metabolic phenotype, characterized by downregulation of free fatty acid (FFA) oxidation and an enhancement of glucose oxidation. The goal of this study was to examine myocardial substrate metabolism in a model of moderate coronary microembolization-induced H...

A metabolic pathway for the catabolism of propionate is proposed. This pathway incorporates a transcarboxylation reaction involving propionyl coenzyme A and oxaloacetate and a carboxylation of pyruvate to regenerate oxaloacetate. Data indicated that the proposed pathway is reversible. The proposed pathway and its apparent reversibility provide a reasonable explanation of observations obtained f...

We have proposed that the accumulation of methylmalonylCoA, which occurs when a deficiency of B12 coenzyme exists, may lead to its incorporation into fatty acids in place of malonyl-CoA. This leads to the production of fatty acids, which are not usually produced and which may be physiologically undesirable. As a first step in the test of this hypothesis, we have examined the effect of methylmal...

(R)and (S)-Z-deuteriopropionyl coenzyme A of approximately 75% optical purity were prepared by a series of reactions starting from optically pure alanine. With these compounds as substrates for propionyl-CoA carboxylase, the deuterium isotope effect was found to be small and probably secondary. No tritium isotope effect was observed when enzymatically prepared 2-3H-propionyl-CoA was used as sub...

The effects of increased concentration of inorganic phosphate on the biosynthesis of tylosin, the level of the intracellular adenylates, the energy charge, and the activities of enzymes involved in the synthesis of tylonolide precursors were studied in Streptomyces fradiae NRRL 2702. No metabolic response was observed when elevated levels of inorganic phosphate were added in idiophase. Increase...

Acyl homoserine lactones (acyl-HSLs) are important intercellular signaling molecules used by many bacteria to monitor their population density in quorum-sensing control of gene expression. These signals are synthesized by members of the LuxI family of proteins. To understand the mechanism of acyl-HSL synthesis we have purified the Pseudomonas aeruginosa RhlI protein and analyzed the kinetics of...

Vitis vinifera c.v. Muscat de Frontignan (grape) contains various high valuable bioactive phenolic compounds with pharmaceutical properties and industrial interest which are not fully exploited. The focus of this investigation consists in testing the effects of various biological elicitors on a non-morphogenic callus suspension culture of V. vinifera. The investigated elicitors: Indanoyl-isoleu...

Stilbenes are dibenzyl polyphenolic compounds produced in several unrelated plant families that appear to protect against various biotic and abiotic stresses. Stilbene biosynthesis has been well described in economically important plants, such as grape (Vitis vinifera), peanut (Arachis hypogaea), and pine (Pinus species). However, very little is known about the biosynthesis and ecological role ...

Vitamin Be has for some time been implicated in protein metabolism. More recently a specific function of pyridoxal in the coenzome of tyrosine decarboxylase has been found (l), and the discovery of this function extended to include amino acid decarboxylases in general (2, 3). All members of the vitamin Be group (pyridoxine, pyridoxal,” pyridoxamine) are converted into this coenzyme (termed code...