Radiogenic initiation of mammary cancer is here shown to be a common cellular event. With the aid of a rat mammary clonogen transplant system designed to maximize progression of initiated cells to overt neoplasia, the estimated absolute cancer risk per surviving 7 Gy-irradiated mammary clonogen was M.I ±1.2 (SE)| x Iir '. that is (5.8 ±1.7) x IO 4 initiated cells per clonogen-Gy. To maximize ...

BACKGROUND The Tientsin Albino 2 (TA2) mouse is an inbred strain originating from the Kunming strain. It has a high incidence of spontaneous breast cancer without the need for external inducers or carcinogens. Until now, the mechanism of carcinogenesis has remained unclear. In this study, we investigate differential gene expression, especially the expression of decorin, EGFR and cyclin D1, duri...

Cyclin D1 regulates cell proliferation and is a candidate molecular target for breast cancer therapy. This study addresses whether Cyclin D1 is indispensable for ErbB2-associated mammary tumor initiation and progression using a breast cancer model in which this cell-cycle regulator can be genetically ablated prior to or after neoplastic transformation. Deficiency in Cyclin D1 delayed tumor onse...

Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer death worldwide. This study aimed to analyze the expression of centromere protein H (CENP-H) in breast cancer and to correlate it with clinicopathologic data, including patient survival. Using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting to detect the expression of CENP-H in normal mammary epithelial cells, immortalize...

As inbred strains of mice have been under observation for more than 5 ~ generations of brother-to-sister matings, they should be satisfactory for genetic studies on the inherited susceptibility to cancer of the breast. In an effort to determine how this susceptibility might be transmitted, reciprocal matings were made between mice of the high mammary tumor A and the low mammary tumor B (C57 bla...

Paracrine signaling through receptor activator of NF-κB (RANK) pathway mediates the expansion of mammary epithelia that occurs during pregnancy, and activation of RANK pathway promotes mammary tumorigenesis in mice. In this study we extend these previous data to human cells and show that the RANK pathway promotes the development of mammary stem cells and breast cancer. Overexpression of RANK (F...

Dose-response relationships for the induction of mammary tumors by a single i.v. injection of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) were studied. At 50 days of age, groups of 20 virgin female Sprague-Dawley rats received single doses of 50, 45, 40, 35, 30, 25, 20, 15, or 10 mg MNU per kg body weight; a group of 10 control rats received 0.85% NaCl solution only. Animals were observed for the appearance o...

Estrogen receptor alpha 36 (ERα36) is a variant of the canonical estrogen receptor alpha (ERα66), widely expressed in hormone sensitive cancer cells and whose high expression level correlates with a poor survival prognosis for breast cancer patients. While ERα36 activity have been related to breast cancer progression or acquired resistance to treatment, expression level and location of ERα36 ar...

MYB oncogene upregulation is associated with estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer, but disease requirements for MYB function in vivo have not been explored. In this study, we provide evidence of a critical requirement forMYB functions inmodels of human andmurine breast cancer. In human breast cancer, we found thatMYB expression was critical for tumor cell growth both in vitro and in vi...