[1] The vertical coherence of mantle structure is of importance for a range of dynamic issues including convective mass transport and the geochemical evolution of Earth. Here, we use seismic data to infer the most likely depth ranges of strong, global changes in the horizontal pattern of mantle heterogeneity. We apply our algorithm to a comprehensive set of measurements, including various shear...

[1] We analyze moment tensor solutions from deep subduction zone earthquakes to determine global slab deformation patterns. Inferred strain rates are compared to predicted deformation patterns from fluid models to help constrain the first‐order radial and lateral viscosity structure of the Earth. While all slabs that reach the lower mantle are compressed at their tip, intermediate depth pattern...

[1] Using an integrated geophysical and geological approach based on a comparative analysis of 27 different parameters, we investigate both the location and origin of the source material for hot spot volcanoes. We report a significant correlation between extreme geochemical compositions of lavas with both shallow seismic velocities and the depth extent to which a hot spot source can be traced w...

Fixation of the glenoid component is critical to the outcome of total shoulder arthroplasty. In an in vitro study, we analysed the effect of surface design and thickness of the cement mantle on the pull-out strength of the polyethylene pegs which are considered essential for fixation of cemented glenoid components. The macrostructure and surface of the pegs and the thickness of the cement mantl...

The exact solutions for the isotopic compositions and the concentrations of the two-reservoir model for mantle-crust evolution are given for arbitrary rates of crustal growth and of back flow to the mantle. The critical parameters are the chemical fractionation factors for crustal growth and refluxing and the integrated fractional mass-removal rates from the crust and the mantle. For the case w...

Mantle cell lymphoma accounts for 5-10% of all non-Hodgkin's lymphomas and it has one the worst prognosis among all lymphomas. There is no therapy that can be considered as standard. Mantle cell lymphoma can show different "architectural" patterns as well different morphologic variants. Mantle cell lymphoma is believed to derive from marginal zone or peripheral blood memory B-cells. The immunop...

There have been two main avenues of investigation of the rheology of the mantle: theoretical and laboratory studies of the mechanical behavior of solids and direct estimates obtained by comparing geologic observations with model calculations in which rheological parameters are the principal variables. Studies of large-scale mantle flow, such as convection, might also put some constraints on man...

Mount St Helens is the most active volcano within the Cascade arc; however, its location is unusual because it lies 50 km west of the main axis of arc volcanism. Subduction zone thermal models indicate that the down-going slab is decoupled from the overriding mantle wedge beneath the forearc, resulting in a cold mantle wedge that is unlikely to generate melt. Consequently, the forearc location ...

The earth dynamic system is one of the key scientific questions on the earth science. The thermodynamic behavior and gravity force of the earth and the rheology nature of the mantle prove that mantle convection is the main power source leading the lithosphere to break and move. Yet the directivity of both the structures in the crust and plate movement reminds of the earth rotation. Here we demo...

S U M M A R Y Since W. J. Morgan proposed that intraplate volcanism at some Pacific hotspots is caused by hot plumes rising from the lower mantle, geophysicists have been actively pursuing physical evidence for mantle plumes. Several seismic studies have mapped low-velocity anomalies below a number of hotspots. However, the association of low-velocity structures with plume tails has remained co...