background:environment destroyed and reduce the living place especially in urban place  become an important mater these days ,improving environment need a lot of think together like economic, realigns and environment  changes ,urban tourism is one of the most  important and complicate behavior in town. objective: in researchers look tourism have a large effect on economic, realign and social be...

background and aims: in various clinical situations, mineral trioxide aggregate (mta) may come into direct contact with blood. the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of exposure to blood on marginal adaptation and surface microstructure of mta. materials and methods: thirty extracted human single-rooted teeth were used in this study. standard root canal treatment was carried ou...

For teeth restoring single metal-ceramic crowns were the gold-standard for many years. Selective laser sintering is a new technology which can provide accurate complex-shaped frameworks for dental restorations, layer-by-layer, according to a three-dimensional computer model, using metal powder. An important factor for long term success of fixed prostheses is the marginal and internal adaptation...

Abstract—In this paper, effect of marginal quality groundwater on yield of cotton crop and soil salinity was studied. In this connection, three irrigation treatments each with four replications were applied. These treatments were i) use of canal water (T1), ii) use of marginal quality groundwater from tubewell (T2), and iii) conjunctive use by mixing with the ratio of 1:1 of canal water and mar...

Many empirical studies point towards an increase in non‐standard employment. The reasons for this rise are mainly seen in the increasing economic internationalization or the rapid technological changes which raise the need for both flexibility and cost‐cuts on behalf of firms. Yet, only little is known about the role of firm age in this context. Based on a large representative data set of est...

We analyze the effect of product quality on the output of a high-quality dominant firm facing a low-quality competitive fringe. Using a standard vertical differentiation model, we show that profit maximizing output decreases with product quality when the dominant firm’s marginal cost is lower than that of the fringe, is independent of quality when marginal cost is the same for all firms, and is...

Random intercept models for binary data are useful tools for addressing betweensubject heterogeneity. Unlike linear models, the non-linearity of link functions used for binary data force a distinction between marginal and conditional interpretations. This distinction is blurred in probit models with a normally distributed random intercept because the resulting model implies a probit marginal li...

Introduction: The aim of this study was to compare a one-year clinical performance of two composites (Ariston PHC with Tetric) in class II cavity preparations. Materials & Methods: Ninety-six class I and II modified cavity preparations in identical patients were prepared. Metallic matrix was used for restoration of class II preparations. Ariston PHC and Tetric were used for restorations. The cl...

We analyze the effect of product quality on the output of a high-quality dominant firm facing a low-quality competitive fringe. Using a standard vertical differentiation model, we show that profit maximizing output decreases with product quality when the dominant firm’s marginal cost is lower than that of the fringe, is independent of quality when marginal cost is the same for all firms, and is...