This paper presents an analytic procedure for the value added to different production levels with different policy options. The approach is stochastic and thus provides a framework for informed decision-making on productivity growth under uncertainty conditions. The model was applied to data collected from a firm and re-sults recommend that the firm should redevelop if in diversification and sy...

The classical 4P theory was born in the demand market, a company to develop marketing strategies aimed to meet customer the differential interest demand. However, with the US-led financial crisis, making the interests focus on customer needs 4P strategic theory of challenges, in the value market, develop strategies to create value investors become the fundamental purpose. This paper is using ma...

Background and objectives: Amla is native to India and is exported to Iran. Although amla has been mentioned in Iranian traditional medicine (ITM) manuscripts, no pharmaceuticals have been prepared from this medicinal plant in Iran; thus, in the present study amla oil has been designed and formulated according to ITM. Methods: Phyllantus emblica and <e...

The survival of organizations is in the current business and occupational atmosphere depends on the introducing of new products, innovation and proposing value-inducing processes based on modern knowledge. For this, managers have to evaluate intellectual capitals as an important criterion to improve the performance of organizations. The main propose of this research is to study the relation...

This paper proposes a new motivation for information sharing in a decentralized channel consisting of a single manufacturer and two competing retailers. The manufacturer provides a common product to the retailers at the same wholesale price. Both retailers add their own values to the product and distribute it to consumers. Factors such as retail prices, values added to the product, and local ad...

Driven by both technology and market, telecom industry is becoming a part of several converged industries in information society gradually from an independent industry which provides telecom products like voice or data. Under such background, this paper introduces a new value chain model of telecom value-added services in the new environment, providing theoretic support for transformation of te...