Water vapor plays an important role in the energetics of the boundary layer processes which in turn play a key role in regulating regional and global climate. It plays a primary role in earth’s hydrological cycle, in radiation balance as a direct absorber of infrared radiation, and in atmospheric circulation as a latent heat energy source, as well as in determining cloud development and atmosph...

A mathematical model for computing the thermal performance of an air heater with a truncated compound parabolic concentrator having a flat one-sided absorber is presented. A computer code that employs an iterative solution procedure is constructed to solve the governing energy equations and to estimate the performance parameters of the collector. The effects of the air mass flow rate, the wind ...

compressed biscuits (cbs) were developed using wheat flour, soy flour, sugar, oil and malt extract. combining of compression and dehydration technology were applied for production. packaging cbs using vacuum packaged, use of oxygen absorber (oa) and identical samples were aerobically packaged and stored at ambient and elevated (40°с) temperature for 12 weeks. the effect of different packaging a...

Unabsorbed pump light in passively Q-switched microlasers leads to suboptimal pulse generation by bleaching the saturable absorber. This mechanism increases the effective unsaturated transmission of the absorber, which leads to a change in the system dynamics that results in increased pulse durations and decreased pulse energies. We report experimental evidence of pump-induced bleaching of the ...

Saturable absorber mirrors (SAMs) are grown by low-temperature solid-source molecular beam epitaxy. The nonlinear absorber layer consists of one InGaAs quantum well. The devices have response times shorter than 10 ps and small non-saturable losses (less than 0.3%). SAMs with modulation depths between 0.6% and 2.0% were used to mode lock a Yb:KYW laser at around 1040 nm. The minimum achievable p...

The hybrid action of quantum-dot saturable absorber and Kerr-lens mode locking in a diode-pumped Yb:KGW laser was demonstrated. Using a quantum-dot saturable absorber with a 0.7% (0.5%) modulation depth, the mode-locked laser delivered 90 fs (93 fs) pulses with 3.2 W (2.9 W) of average power at the repetition rate of 77 MHz, corresponding to 462 kW (406 kW) of peak power and 41 nJ (38 nJ) of pu...

We report a naked eye refractive index sensor with a visible metamaterial absorber. The visible metamaterial absorber consisting of a silver dendritic/dielectric/metal structure shows multiple absorption peaks. By incorporating a gain material (rhodamine B) into the dielectric layer, the maximal magnitude of the absorption peak can be improved by about 30%. As the metamaterial absorber is sensi...

The objective of robust design is to optimise the mean and minimize the variability that results from uncertainty represented by noise factors. The various objective functions and analysis techniques used for the Taguchi based approaches and optimisation methods are reviewed. Most applications of robust design have been concerned with static performance in mechanical engineering and process sys...

We present a new technique for determining an upper limit for the mass of the black hole in active galactic nuclei showing warm absorption features. The method relies on the balance of radiative and gravitational forces acting on outflowing warm absorber clouds. It has been applied to 6 objects: five Seyfert 1 galaxies: IC 4329a, MCG−6-3015, NGC 3516, NGC 4051 and NGC 5548; and one radio-quiet ...

Predictive models play an important role in the design of post-combustion processes for the capture of carbon dioxide (CO2) emitted from power plants. A rate-based absorber model is presented to investigate the reactive capture of CO2 using aqueous monoethanolamine (MEA) as a solvent, integrating a predictive molecular-based equation of state: SAFT-VR SW (Statistical Associating Fluid Theory-Va...