BACKGROUND Placental transport of iodide is required for fetal thyroid hormone production. The sodium iodide symporter (NIS) mediates active iodide transport into the thyroid and the lactating mammary gland and is also present in placenta. NIS is competitively inhibited by thiocyanate from maternal smoking, but compensatory autoregulation of iodide transport differs between organs. The extent o...

BACKGROUND Low birth weight (BW), small head circumference, reduced length, increased preterm births and neuro-endocrine dysfunctions are among known consequences of smoking during pregnancy. Few studies have linked leptin to clinical features of growth restriction associated with maternal smoking and explored interaction with other determinants of size at birth, such as gender. METHODS Cord ...

Tobacco consumption and exposure to second-hand smoke (SHS) are associated with reduced birth weight. One issue that has not been clarified previously is that of the potential higher risk of this outcome in mothers with asthma. We assessed the role of prenatal maternal tobacco use and SHS on reproductive outcomes and assessed the interaction with maternal history of asthma. Data was collected f...

BACKGROUND Maternal smoking during pregnancy negatively impacts fetal growth, but the effect is not homogenous across the population. We sought to determine how the relationship between cigarette use and fetal growth is modified by the social and physical environment. METHODS Birth records with covariates were obtained from the BC Perinatal Database Registry (N = 232,291). Maternal smoking st...

Epidemiological studies indicate that smoking is responsible for a 150 to 250 gram reduction in birth rate and that smoking mothers are about twice as likely to have low-birth-weight babies (under 250 grams). Birth-weight is a is a measure of the baby’s maturity. Another measure of maturity is gestational age at birth (i.e. the time spent in the womb). Typically, smaller babies and babies born ...

BACKGROUND There is strong evidence of an association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and restriction of intrauterine growth, but the effects of this exposure on postnatal linear growth are not well defined. Furthermore, few studies have investigated the role of tobacco smoke exposure also after pregnancy on linear growth until adolescence. In this study we investigated the effect of ...

This paper employs the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth in the US to study the birth process. We develop a simultaneous equations model with seven endogenous variables: four birth inputs (maternal smoking, maternal drinking, first trimester prenatal care, and maternal weight gain), three birth outputs (gestational age, birth length, and birth weight), and twenty-four exogenous variables. T...

BACKGROUND Cigarette smoking has been associated with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) but hypothesis on the association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and childhood leukemia remains unclear. OBJECTIVES To investigate the association between maternal exposure to tobacco smoking during pregnancy and early age (<2 year) leukemia (EAL). METHODS A hospital-based multicenter case-control ...

Introduction: Maternal smoking has been an important risk factor for low birth weight (LBW), preterm as well small gestational age. In this study, we try to analyze the association of maternal during different stages pregnancy with outcome weight. Methods: This is a cross-sectional hospital-based which was undertaken comprising 1240 singleton live born baby in Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital, N...