A rat model of lumbar root constriction with an additional sympathectomy in some animals was used to assess whether the sympathetic nerves influenced radicular pain. Behavioural tests were undertaken before and after the operation. On the 28th post-operative day, both dorsal root ganglia and the spinal roots of L4 and L5 were removed, frozen and sectioned on a cryostat (8 microm to 10 microm). ...

Let Uq(ĝ) be the quantized universal enveloping algebra of the affine Lie algebra ĝ associated to a finite-dimensional complex simple Lie algebra g, and let U res q (ĝ) be the C[q, q−1]-subalgebra of Uq(ĝ) generated by the q-divided powers of the Chevalley generators. Let U res (ĝ) be the Hopf algebra obtained from U res q (ĝ) by specialising q to a non-zero complex number of odd order. We clas...

We construct the graded q-differential algebra on a ZN -graded algebra by means of a graded q-commutator. We apply this construction to a reduced quantum plane and study the first order differential calculus on a reduced quantum plane induced by the N -differential of the graded q-differential algebra. 1 Graded q-differential algebra In this section given a ZN -graded algebra we construct the g...

Throughout this paper, k will denote a commutative ring containing the rational numbers Q, and k = k[x{, . . . , xn] will be the polynomial ring over k . If ƒ : k —• k is a polynomial map (i.e., a fc-algebra homomorphism), then ƒ is a polynomial automorphism provided there is an inverse ƒ " which is also a polynomial map. Very little is known about the group of polynomial automorphisms, and ind...

We study the explicit factorization of 2nr-th cyclotomic polynomials over finite field Fq where q, r are odd with (r, q) = 1. We show that all irreducible factors of 2nr-th cyclotomic polynomials can be obtained easily from irreducible factors of cyclotomic polynomials of small orders. In particular, we obtain the explicit factorization of 2n5-th cyclotomic polynomials over finite fields and co...

We study optimization methods for source-initiated energy-efficient broadcast in all-wireless networks. Past studies on energy-efficient broadcast [1,3,5] focus on deterministic optimization to construct an energy-efficient broadcast tree. We present a Random Tree Optimization (RTO) approach that transforms the deterministic optimization problem into a related stochastic one. We apply the cross...

There are complex inter- and intra-relations between regressors (independent variables) andyield quantity (W) and quality (Q) in tobacco. For instance, nitrogen (N) increases W butdecreases Q; starch harms Q but soluble sugars promote it. The balance between (optimizationof) regressors is needed for simultaneous increase in W and Q components [higher potassium(K), medium nicotine and lower chlo...

Ultrastructural studies were conducted on Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb) Benth. root nodules collected from trees growing under natural conditions. Rhizobial infection on root surface of P. dulce started with curling of root hair. Both curled and straight root hairs were observed. Th e internal structure of a mature nodule showed an epidermis, cortex, vascular region and a bacteriod region. Vascul...

In the article [17] we consider only the case when n and m are non-negative integer points determined by: n ≥ 1 is the multiplicity of the root x = a, otherwise n = 0 if x = a is not the root; and m ≥ 1 is the multiplicity of the root x = b, otherwise m = 0 if x = b is not the root. In this case, if for the function f(x) at the point x = a there is an approximation of the function by Taylor pol...