An indirect-ELISA for the diagnosis of mixed gastrointestinal (GI) nematode infection comprising Oesophagostomum, Haemonchus and Trichuris species was standardized using crude somatic antigen of Oesophagostomum columbianum (CSAg-Oc) and sera of slaughtered goats with known parasitological status including Oesophagostomum, Haemonchus, and <em...

Background & Objective:  Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a transient state between normal condition and dementia. Available data indicates that coronary artery diseases (CAD) may increase the risk of MCI. Hence, the early detection of MCI can prevent the progression of cognitive decline. Materials & Methods:  A sample of 65 subjects with degrees of CAD was enrolled to the study. For cogniti...

BACKGROUND Integrated positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET-CT) is a well-validated modality for assessing pulmonary mass lesions and specifically for estimating risk of malignancy. Tuberculosis (TB) is known to cause false-positive PET-CT findings. OBJECTIVE To investigate the utility of PET-CT in the evaluation of pulmonary mass lesions and nodules in a high TB prevalence se...

We prove upper and lower bounds on performance guarantees of approximation algorithms for the Hierarchical MAX-SAT (H-MAX-SAT) problem. This problem is representative of a broad class of PSPACE-hard problems involving graphs, Boolean formulas and other structures that are de ned succinctly. Our rst result is that for some constant < 1, it is PSPACE-hard to approximate the function H-MAX-SAT to ...

Given a graph G=(V, E), a connected sides cut (U, V\U) or δ(U) is the set of edges of E linking all vertices of U to all vertices of V\U such that the induced subgraphs G[U] and G[V\U] are connected. Given a positive weight function w defined on E, the maximum connected sides cut problem is to find a connected sides cut Ω such that w(Ω) is maximum. This problem is NP-hard. In this paper, we giv...

Estrogen receptor (ER) positive rates in breast cancer may be influenced by grade, stage, age and race. This study reviews the ER positive rates over a 15-year period at the University Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Data on ER status of 3557 patients from 1994 to 2008 was analyzed. ER status was determined by immunohistochemistry with a cut-off point of 10%. ER positivity increa...

As an example, we note that the bipartite graph has maxcut exactly equal to the sum of the weights of all its edges. A particular case of the MAX-CUT problem occurs when all the edge weights are reduced to unity. In that case it becomes equivalent to the MAX-2COLORING problem. In the MAX-2COLORING problem, we try to find the maximum number of edges in a given graph G which can be colored by usi...