BACKGROUND Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) could induce apoptosis of HIV-1-infected monocyte-derived macrophage (MDM), but the molecular mechanisms are not well understood. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS By using an HIV-1 Env-pseudotyped virus (HIV-1 PV)-infected MDM cell model we demonstrate that HIV-1 PV infection down-regulates the expression of TRAIL decoy ...

BACKGROUND Mycobacterium bovis, the causative agent of bovine tuberculosis, is a major cause of mortality in global cattle populations. Macrophages are among the first cell types to encounter M. bovis following exposure and the response elicited by these cells is pivotal in determining the outcome of infection. Here, a functional genomics approach was undertaken to investigate global gene expre...

Pulmonary inflammation and bacterial colonization are central to the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Defects in macrophage phagocytosis of both bacteria and apoptotic cells contribute to the COPD phenotype. Small molecule inhibitors with anti-inflammatory activity against p38 mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs), phosphatidyl-inositol-3 kinase (PI3K) and Rho k...

We have investigated the role of CXCL7 in the immune response of human phagocytes against the intracellular bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Legionella pneumophila. We have observed that polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) chemotaxis induced by the supernatants of infected monocyte derived macrophages (MDM) may be attributed to CXCL8 rather than CXCL7, although both chemokines are present...

It has been recently reported that the endogenous expression of HIV-1 Nef in human monocyte/macrophages induces the release of chemokines and other as yet unidentified soluble factors leading to multiple effects of pathogenic significance, such as the recruitment and activation of quiescent lymphocytes. However, the description of underlying molecular mechanisms remained elusive. We recently de...

Master Data Management (MDM) is of increasing importance because it is seen as a promising approach in companies to respond to a number of strategic business requirements, such as complying with an increasing number of regulations, supporting internal and external business process integration, and establishing a “360-degree-view on the customer”. As a result, software vendors such as IBM, Oracl...

This paper presents LIA-EURECOM’s joint submission to the NIST Rich Transcription 2009 (RT‘09) speaker diarization evaluation. We describe a number of modifications to our previous system which involve beamforming for the multiple distant microphone (MDM) condition and also significant enhancements to the speaker segmentation stage of the core speaker diarization system. These modifications lea...

BACKGROUND The Chronic Care Model (CCM) emerged in the 1990s as an approach to re-organize primary care and implement critical elements that enable it to proactively attend to patients with chronic conditions. The chronic care landscape has evolved further, as most patients now present with multiple chronic conditions and increasing psychosocial complexity. These patients face accumulating and ...

BACKGROUND Severe dengue disease is associated with high viral loads and overproduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines, suggesting impairment in the control of dengue virus (DENV) and the mechanisms that regulate cytokine production. Vitamin D3 has been described as an important modulator of immune responses to several pathogens. Interestingly, increasing evidence has associated vitamin D with d...

Permissiveness of monocytes and macrophages to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is modulated by various stimuli. In this study we demonstrate that stimulation of primary monocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM) through the receptors for the Fc portion of immunoglobulin G (IgG) (FcgammaR) inhibits HIV type 1 (HIV-1) replication. Viral p24 production was decreased by 1.5 to 3 ...