BACKGROUND Although measles incidence has been reduced to low levels in many countries, the potential exists for HIV-1 infection to enhance measles virus (MV) transmission and hinder measles control and elimination efforts. METHODS HIV-1 infection was incorporated into an age-structured, deterministic compartmental model of MV transmission. Parameter estimates were obtained from published stu...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the case-based measles surveillance system in Kaduna State of Nigeria and identify gaps in its operation. INTRODUCTION In Africa, approximately 13 million cases, 650,000 deaths due to measles occur annually, with sub-Saharan Africa having the highest morbidity and mortality. Measles infection is endemic in Nigeria and has been documented to occur all year round, despite ...

The objective of this study was to characterize empirically the association between vaccination coverage and the size and occurrence of measles epidemics in Germany. In order to achieve this we analysed data routinely collected by the Robert Koch Institute, which comprise the weekly number of reported measles cases at all ages as well as estimates of vaccination coverage at the average age of e...

With the use of measles vaccine since 1967, Hong Kong has experienced a low incidence of measles until a major outbreak in 1988. A shift in the distribution of susceptible children to older age groups was suddenly accelerated in the 1988 outbreak. The attack rate increased by 18.9-fold for children greater than 10 years old, while that for those in the best-protected age group of 1-4 years was ...

AIMS To describe trends in case notification data for vaccine-preventable diseases in NSW for 2009. METHODS Risk factor and vaccination status data was collected from cases through public health unit follow-up. Data from the NSW Notifiable Diseases Database were analysed by: area health service of residence; age; vaccination status; and sub-organism, as appropriate for the period 1991-2009. ...

Measles is the most widespread and contagious of the eruptive diseases of childhood. We have been investigating the disease since the 1968 epidemic in our country and have confiime&once again that it tends to afflict young children from poor socioeconomic backgrounds severely, producing high incidence of pulmonary complications and serious gastrointestinal disorders leading many times to a fata...

Currently, the incidence of measles and rubella has decreased and the diseases have been eliminated in some countries with high vaccination coverages. Awareness of the clinical manifestations of the two diseases is essential, as there is always the possibility of new cases, which should be suspected on the basis of the medical history and physical examination. The diagnosis is based on clinical...

Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is a rare degenerative disease of the central nervous system that affects primarily children and adolescents. It is a late manifestation of measles virus infection. In a 20-year period (1965-85) there have been 26 cases of SSPE in Northern Ireland, a frequency of approximately one case per 1.2 million population per year. Males were affected more frequ...

Immunisation decision making is not a straightforward process for parents. Many factors influence parental decision making on whether they immunise their child with the measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccine. The feasibility study described in this article provides insight into influencing factors associated with decisions regarding the immunisation of children by parents. The study findings ...

Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is a progressive neurological disorder of childhood and early adolescence caused by persistent defective measles virus. Clinical manifestations appear many years after the acute measles infection. The incidence of SSPE has substantially declined after the introduction of an effective vaccine. We report a case of a child with SSPE that began with atonia...