Liesegang rings were first discovered more than 100 years ago by German chemists R. E. Liesegang and they attracted much attention since then. Liesegang rings are observed as spontaneous evolution of precipitate ring structure during diffusion of certain electrolyte into medium containing other electrolyte. One such example is diffusion of CuSO4 into gelatin containing K2CrO4 that is subject of...

BACKGROUND Little has been published on the effect of geography on methadone treatment outcomes. OBJECTIVE To measure the effect of place on longitudinal outcomes Methods: From 2003 to 2006, 215 clients were recruited to a cohort study of methadone treatment. Participants had their address and clinic geocoded. Treatment outcomes were measured at intake, at one and three years posttreatment us...

This study presents the operation of a biotrickling filter when treating a monochlorobenzene (MCB) contaminated gaseous emission. Treatment dynamics were characterised by exposing the reactor to various MCB Organic Loads (OL). The use of different growth support materials, namely limestone, sand, ceramic and PVC pall-rings, was investigated. Limestone led to dogging of the reactor due to the ac...

We use scanning near-field optical microscopy to study the response of hexagonal boron nitride nanocones at infrared frequencies, where this material behaves as a hyperbolic medium. The obtained images are dominated by a series of "hot" rings that occur on the sloped sidewalls of the nanocones. The ring positions depend on the incident laser frequency and the nanocone shape. Both dependences ar...

Harmonic cavities have been used in storage rings to increase beam lifetime and Landau damping by lengthening the bunch. The need for lifetime increase is particularly great in the present generation of low to medium energy synchrotron light sources where the small transverse beam sizes lead to realitively short lifetimes from large-angle intrabeam ( Touschek) scattering. We review the beam dyn...

A new crystalline molecular sieve, denoted CIT-7, is synthesized using an imidazolium-based diquaternary organic structure directing agent (OSDA). The framework structure is determined from a combination of rotation electron diffraction and synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction data. The structure has 10 crystallographically unique tetrahedral atoms (T-atoms) in the unit cell, and can be describ...

Metamaterial one-dimensional periodic structures are composed of split-ring resonators, which can display electric permittivity and magnetic permeability simultaneously negative, are studied experimentally. In the present study, each resonator is made up of two concentric circular copper rings patterned on a substrate of kapton, with slits diametrically opposite each other and with the line of ...

Using the method of breaking of circular symmetry and of subsequent symmetry restoration via projection techiques, we present calculations for the ground-state energies and excitation spectra of N -electron parabolic quantum dots in strong magnetic fields in the medium-size range 10 ≤ N ≤ 30. The physical picture suggested by our calculations is that of finite rotating electron molecules (REMs)...

A new crystalline molecular sieve, denoted CIT-7, is synthesized using an imidazolium-based diquaternary organic structure directing agent (OSDA). The framework structure is determined from a combination of rotation electron diffraction and synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction data. The structure has 10 crystallographically unique tetrahedral atoms (T-atoms) in the unit cell, and can be describ...

1 Preliminaries on monoids Definition 1.1. An Abelian monoid is a set with a binary, associative, and commutative operation which has a neutral element. It will often be called just a monoid in this manuscript because we will not deal with non-commutative monoids. A monoid M is called • finitely generated if there is a finite set of generators, or equivalently if there is a surjection of monoid...