Tranexamic acid (TXA) has anti-plasmin activity and been shown when administered orally to be effective against melasma, for which it is considered first-line pharmacotherapy. Several studies have that topically applied TXA also melasma skin hyperpigmentation caused by sunburn inflammation. The concentration in the epidermis dermis/vasculature estimated from its distribution after closed applic...

Objective: To evaluate the estrogen, progesterone, Prolactin and testosterone serum levels in melasma patients.
 Study Design: Comparative cross-sectional study.
 Place Duration of Study: Dermatology Department, Fauji Foundation Hospital, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Jul to Dec2020.
 Methodology: A total 40 patients with without were included this study. The study comprisedfemale ag...

According to the results obtained after immunologic, hormonal and biochemical status investigations has been discussed peculiarities of melanogenesis in 135 patients with skin hyper pigmentation (78 patients with pigmented nevus and 57 – with melasma). The average age consisted – 36,5 year. Of 135 patients 32 were men and 103 women. Patients with pigmented nevus revealed increased rate of CD4, ...

To evaluate the efficacy of a functional microarray of microneedles (MNs) plus topical tranexamic acid (TA) for melasma in middle-aged women in China.Thirty female subjects with melasma were enrolled in this study. The left or right side of the face was chosen randomly to be pretreated with a functional microarray of MNs, followed by topical 0.5% TA solution once per week for 12 weeks. The othe...

Chloasma is a required hypermelanosis of sun-exposed areas occurred during pregnancy and it can affect 50-70% of pregnant women. It presents as symmetric hyperpigmented macules, which can confluent or punctuate. The most common locations are the cheeks, the upper lip, the chin and the forehead. The exact mechanism by which pregnancy affects the process of melanogenesis is unknown. Estrogen, pro...

Background. Cucumber is one of the natural ingredients that has been widely used traditionally to maintain facial skin health. rich in antioxidants which have potential suppress inflammatory process arises due hormonal imbalances melasma sufferers use injectable contraception. This study aimed determine effect using a cucumber mask on incidence acceptors injection contraception users at indepen...

O presente trabalho trata sobre o Melasma na gravidez e visa falar suas causas seu tratamento. Assim, objetivo do é discorrer acerca dos principais fatores de prevenção tratamentos existentes para gravidez. Para tanto, os objetivos secundários consistem em conceituar Melasma, apresentar as surgimento seus desenvolvimento relacionar com a método utilizado metodologia revisão bibliográfica pesqui...

Melasma is a challenging chronic skin condition associated with hyperpigmentation and unknown aetiology. This scoping review maps evidence of available treatments their effectiveness in darker types. A comprehensive, systematic online search was conducted Scopus, PubMed, CINAHL Complete, Cochrane, ScienceDirect, Web Science Core Collection. All eligible titles were exported to an EndNote20 libr...

Melasma is a fairly common condition that the result of hyperpigmentation caused by increased melanin secretion. In course melasma, certain areas skin become darker than rest epidermis. Although pathogenesis remains incompletely clarified, several contributing factors have been identified, namely exposure to ultraviolet and visible light, family predisposition, pregnancy, use exogenous hormones...