If a tangle, K ⊂ B, has no planar, meridional, essential surfaces in its exterior then thin position for K has no thin levels.

A quasi-steady-state model of the consequences of rotation on the hydrodynamical structure of a stellar radiative zone is derived by studying in particular the role of centrifugal and baroclinic driving of meridional motions in angular momentum transport. This non-linear problem is solved numerically, assuming axial symmetry of the system, and within some limits it is shown that there exist sim...

The meridional energy transport in the atmosphere and ocean is computed using atmospheric analyses from ECMWF and NMC, and net radiative ux from ERBE. An error analysis of the zonally-averaged total transport shows that errors of 7 Wm 2 in net ux produce transport errors of 0:5PW at the equator, an error of 9% in midlatitudes. Methods for correcting the mass non-conservation in transports deriv...

Measuring the depth variation of the meridional flows is important for understanding the solar cycle, at least according to a number of dynamo models. While attempting to extend the early observations of Giles (2000) of time-distance measurements of flow, we have stumbled upon some systematic errors that can affect these measurements: 1) the additional distance traveled by radiation coming from...

Optical blur in the peripheral retina is known to be highly anisotropic due to nonrotationally symmetric wavefront aberrations such as astigmatism and coma. At the neural level, the visual system exhibits anisotropies in orientation sensitivity across the visual field. In the fovea, the visual system shows higher sensitivity for cardinal over diagonal orientations, which is referred to as the o...

Daily surface wind variations over the equatorial eastern Pacific Ocean during summer 1992 are documented, using hourly observations from the tropical atmosphere ocean moored buoy array. Diurnal and semidiurnal variations are apparent in the zonal wind component, with peak-to-peak amplitudes of a few tenths of a meter per second. The phase of the semidiurnal cycle in zonal wind is approximately...

The oscillatory nature of El Ni~ no-Southern Oscillation results from an intricate superposition of near-equilibrium balances and out-of-phase disequilibrium processes between the ocean and the atmosphere. The main objective of the present work is to perform an exhaustive spatiotemporal analysis of the upper ocean heat budget in an ensemble of state-of-the-art ocean assimilation products. We pu...

The nonlinear shallow-water equations are used to study the tropical stationary wave response to steady thermal forcing near the equator in earthlike zonally symmetric basic states. A thin (200 m) fluid layer is superimposed over a large (1500 m) zonally symmetric topography distribution that decreases smoothly from the Tropics to the Poles, thus providing the large meridional height gradients ...