In important cases, the Supreme Court has limited the scope of "substantive due process" by reference to tradition, but it has yet to explain why it has done so. Due process traditionalism might be defended in several distinctive ways. The most ambitious defense draws on a set of ideas associated with Edmund Burke and Friedrich Hayek, who suggested that traditions have special credentials by vi...

In adaptive control problems one may drop the requirement of identifying the true system in order to simplify the problem of control. It will be shown that in the adaptive LQ control problem this does not at all lead to an easier problem. A MS Subject Classijication: 93C40. Kqvwords: Adaptive LQ control, Closed-loop identification, Certainty equivalence.

WiMAX networks are the most suitable for E-Learning through their Broadcast and Multicast Services at rural areas. Authentication of users is carried out by AAA server in WiMAX. In E-Learning systems the users must be forced to perform reauthentication to overcome the session hijacking problem. The reauthentication of users introduces frequent delay in the data access which is crucial in delayi...

A new algorithmic setting is proposed for the discrete-time finite-horizon linear quadratic (LQ) optimal control problem with constrained or unconstrained final state, no matter whether the problem is cheap, singular, or regular. The proposed solution, based on matrix pseudoinversion, is completed and made practically implementable by a nesting procedure for welding optimal subarcs that enables...

Eukaryotic mRNA is processed by enzymes and packaged with proteins within nuclei to generate functional messenger ribonucleoprotein (mRNP) particles. Processing and packaging factors can interact with mRNA cotranscriptionally to form an early mRNP. Erroneous mRNP formation leads to nuclear retention and degradation of the mRNA. It therefore appears that one function of cotranscriptional mRNP as...

1. introduction composition and letter writing are some of the most important issues that have been addressed in the past. especially at the ninth and tenth centuries hegira (teimurian era), valuable works have been composed in this regard, as some have reviewed and attended to the structure, while others have collected the original and content of the letters by the past eminent scholars. these...

The messenger paradigm advocates the exchange of programs called messengers between communicating hosts instead of messages. Each host contains a messenger execution environment called messenger platform. Messengers are expressed in a language understood by all the platforms. A distributed messenger environment is a collection of messenger platforms linked through an unreliable network offering...