The genus Ozyptila Simon, 1864 contains 107 catalogued species distributed mainly in the Holarctic region (Platnick 2013). This genus has traditionally been regarded as a group of small ground-living thomisids with clavate setae related to Xysticus (Lehtinen 2002). Ten species were recorded from China (Song & Zhu, 1997; Platnick 2013). Species of Ozyptila can be distinguished from those of Xyst...

Most of the controversy regarding fractures of the fifth metatarsal relates to injuries sustained in the proximal third of the bone. This article serves as an overview of proximal fifth metatarsal fractures, covering the cause, mechanisms of injury, and pertinent anatomy of this injury. The author proposes a classification scheme for fractures of the fifth metatarsal and gives some historical a...

BACKGROUND The pathogenesis of fifth metatarsal stress fractures remains uncertain. HYPOTHESIS Physical characteristics and environmental factors, which have received limited attention in the literature thus far, might be involved in the development of fifth metatarsal stress fractures. STUDY DESIGN Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3. METHODS To test the study hypothesis, a medical ...

The purpose of the current study was to assess kinematic coupling within the foot in individuals across a range of arch heights. Seventeen subjects participated in this study. Weight-bearing lateral radiographs were used to measure the arch height, defined as angle between the 1st metatarsal and the calcaneus. A kinematic model including the 1st metatarsal, lateral forefoot, calcaneus and tibia...

BACKGROUND Hallux valgus (HV) deformity is closely correlated to the hypermobility of the first metatarsal-cuneiform joint, but adequate understanding of the three-dimentional (3D) mobility of this joint in normal or HV feet is lacking. This study was conducted to investigate the mobility of the first metatarsal-cuneiform joint in multiple planes during body weight-bearing conditions for both n...

BACKGROUND Minimally invasive distal metatarsal osteotomy (MIDMO) is to be indicated for all patients with angles of IMA <20° and HV <40°, but many authors doubt whether this procedure is capable of correcting all types of hallux valgus deformities. The aims of this study were to perform a geometric analysis of MIDMO indications and to show which preoperative radiological parameters are necessa...

Tailor’s bunion or bunionette are terms used to describe an abnormally prominent fifth metatarsal head. In rare cases, when the deformity is pronounced, with tender plantar and lateral callosities, this prominence can make it difficult to wear ordinary shoes and warrants surgical treatment. This paper presents the technique and results of the osteotomy described by Sponsel (1976) to correct the...

Çevik-Demirkan A., V. Özdemir, İ. Türkmenoğlu, İ. Demirkan: Anatomy of the Hind Limb Skeleton of the Chinchilla (Chinchilla lanigera). Acta Vet. Brno 2007, 76: 501-507. This study aimed to document the detailed features of the hind limb bones in chinchillas (Chinchilla lanigera). Twenty chinchillas (10 females and 10 males) were used. Animals were euthanized and X-ray of appendicular skeleton o...

Rotation of the first metatarsal, as a component of hallux abducto valgus, is rarely discussed and is not addressed as a component of most hallux valgus corrective procedures. We believe frontal plane rotation of the first metatarsal to be an integral component of hallux abducto valgus deformity (the "third plane of deformity") and believe de-rotation is necessary for complete deformity correct...