OBJECTIVES To assess the prevalence of microalbuminuria in the general population, especially in nondiabetic and nonhypertensive subjects, and its association with known cardiovascular risk factors and cardiovascular morbidity. DESIGN Cross-sectional cohort study. SETTING Inhabitants of the city of Groningen, the Netherlands. SUBJECTS All inhabitants, aged between 28 and 75 years, were se...

During the past 10 years, a global pandemic of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) attributed to diabetes mellitus has changed the therapeutic strategies based on landmark trials that have shown that diabetic micro- and macrovascular complications might be preventable. However, the remaining risk of the progression of diabetic kidney disease to ESRD is still high, despite newly introduced anti-diabe...

BACKGROUND We investigated the prevalence of microalbuminuria and its association with the metabolic syndrome and its components in a Chinese population. METHODS The study subjects were recruited from a newly established residential area in the suburb of Shanghai. We measured anthropometry, blood pressure (BP), fasting plasma glucose, and serum lipids, and collected spot urine samples for the...

While the best way to identify microalbuminuria is to determine albumin excretion rate (AER) in a 24 h urine sample. Published data have shown that calculation of an albumin/creatinine ratio (ACR) in a spot urine sample has reasonable rate of sensitivity and specificity. We aimed to evaluate the effect of daily exercise on ACR and estimate the best time for the examination of the ACR in a spot ...

BACKGROUND Human Immunodeficiency Virus infection is a multisystem disease that contributes to significant morbidity. Renal involvement is reported to be common among patients with HIV. This study was carried out to determine renal involvement using simple bedside tests combined with ultrasonography examination. METHODS We recruited 240 children from the HIV clinic at Muhimbili National Hospi...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the rate of poor pregnancy outcome among nulliparas who had microalbuminuria at the end of the second trimester of their pregnancy. METHODS A prospective cohort study was performed on 490 nulliparous women who were at the end of the second trimester of pregnancy. Urine tests for albuminuria and creatinine measurements were performed in all women and the albumin to creati...

Microalbuminuria, an important component of the Metabolic Syndrome, has been found to predict mortality from cardiovascular disease among diabetic patients. We determine the prevalence of microalbuminuria among patients with type 2 diabetes with and without the Metabolic Syndrome. Microalbuminuria was more common among patients with the Metabolic Syndrome than in those without (45% vs 21%, resp...

Increased glycemic exposure, even below the diagnostic criteria for diabetes mellitus, is crucial in the pathogenesis of diabetic microvascular complications represented by microalbuminuria. Nonetheless, there is limited evidence regarding which single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are associated with prediabetes and whether genetic predisposition to prediabetes is related to microalbuminuria...

INTRODUCTION Microalbuminuria has been now recognized as the most important risk factor for the increased morbidity and mortality in the obese population. OBJECTIVES We aimed to know whether severity of obesity is associated with the presence of renal injury while microalbuminuria acts, independent of other risk factors as hypertension and diabetes mellitus. PATIENTS AND METHODS The current...

Microalbuminuria is a risk factor for renal and cardiovascular diseases. Oxidant stress may contribute to vascular disease risk by promoting damage to renal and vascular tissues. This study examined the associations of plasma levels of diet-derived antioxidants with albuminuria in Australian population groups at high risk of renal and cardiovascular disease. Data on microalbuminuria and diet-de...