Milk thistle (Silybum marianum) extracts, one of the most widely used dietary supplements, contain a mixture of six major flavonolignans (silybin A, silybin B, isosilybin A, isosilybin B, silychristin, and silydianin) and other components. However, the pharmacokinetics of the free individual flavonolignans have been only partially investigated in humans. Furthermore, antioxidant effects of the ...

Rhinocyllus conicus, a weevil introduced for biological control of exotic weeds, has had major nontarget ecological effects on native thistles. Some practitioners have argued that this is an isolated case. We report, however, that another Eurasian weevil (Larinus planus), currently being distributed in North America for the control of Canada thistle (Cirsium arvense), is significantly reducing ...

With a great percentage of farms in New Zealand as pastures, they are mainly important contributing to the milk and meat industries. Pasture quality is highly affected by weeds. Weeds grow fast invade pastures seed pollination. They consume nutrients, water, other minerals, once bitter, cattle do not eat them. Therefore, dairy farmers have allocate significant portion their budget time monitor ...

The morphogenic potential and free-radical scavenging activity of the medicinal plant, Silybum marianum L. (milk thistle) were investigated. Direct root regeneration and indirect organogenesis and preliminary phytochemical, antibacterial studies of its callus. From leaf explants the highly significance result was found on the NAA at 2 mg/l and KIN at 0.2 mg/l for the direct root induction and i...