Three pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic parameters--(i) the peak concentration to the minimum inhibitory concentration ratio (C(max)/MIC); (ii) the area under the concentration-time curve to MIC ratio (AUC(24h)/MIC); and (iii) the time the concentration exceeds the MIC (T>MIC)--are important predictors of the clinical efficacy of antibiotics. For antibiotics with pronounced concentration-dependen...

This study assessed the inhibitory effects of the essential oils (EOs) from Origanum vulgare L. (OVEO) and Rosmarinus officinalis L. (ROEO), as well as of the its majority individual constituents (ICs) carvacrol (CAR) and 1,8-cineole (CIN), respectively, combined at subinhibitory concentrations against a cocktail of Staphylococcus aureus. The Minimum inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of both OVEO ...

In order to evaluate the efficacy of an antibacterial therapy, three basic PK/PD indexes were defined: the ratio between the maximum drug concentration obtained after a single dose and minimum inhibitory concentration MIC (CMAX/MIC), the ratio between the area under the curve of dependence between the drug concentration in blood and time within 24 hours to MIC (AUC24/MIC), and the time when the...

According to biologically active compounds and traditional use of the Satureja bachtiarica, seem that this plant has significant antimicrobial effects. In this study antimicrobial effect of extracts evaluated by two methods, “Collins method” and “disk agar diffusion method” on Escherichia coli PTCC 1330 and Staphylococcus aureus PTCC 1337 microorganisms. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MI...

OBJECTIVE To determine a correlation of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of sitafloxacin determined by agar dilution method with inhibition zone diameter of sitafloxacin determined by disk diffusion method, and to determine inhibition zone, diameter breakpoints of sitafloxacin against resistant gram-negative bacilli isolated from Thai patients. MATERIAL AND METHOD The study bacteria wer...

Tea leaves are known for its antibacterial activity against many microorganisms. In this study we attempted to describe the synergistic antimicrobial activity of tea and antibiotics against enteropathogens. Antimicrobial activity of boiled water tea extract and organic solvent extract were studied against Salmonella typhimurium 1402/84, S. typhi, S. typhi Ty2a, Shigella dysenteriae, Yersinia en...

Antibiotic tolerance and persistence are often associated with treatment failure and relapse, yet are poorly characterized. In distinction from resistance, which is measured using the minimum inhibitory concentration metric, tolerance and persistence values are not currently evaluated in the clinical setting, and so are overlooked when a course of treatment is prescribed. In this article, we in...