Different mixed cultures of Trichoderma reesei and a yeast were cultivated on beet pulp (BP)-containing medium. T. reesei and Kluyveromyces marxianus offered a combination that gave high SCP yields (51%) and efficiently converted BP into proteins (39.4%). The yeast extract in the basal medium could be substituted and the BP level multiplicated from 2 to 4% upon using mixed culture of T. reesei ...

Conventional (cv) and germfree (gf) mice are able to give a good proliferative response to allogeneic cells in the mixed leukocyte culture (MLC) test, while the response to xenogeneic stimulating cells has been in question. Previous studies by others have suggested only a low MLC response in cv animals and none in gf ones. We have found that both cv and gf animals can give a good MLC response t...

If bone marrow transplantation is to become widely applicable in the treatment of patients with leukemia and aplastic anemia, the necessity to have a perfectly histocompatible donor must be overcome. In an effort to define the roles of HL-A type and mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC) reactivity in the determination of successful engraftment and the occurrence of graftversus-host disease (GVHD), we ...

In the present paper a neural network approach called “Adaptive Critic Design” (ACD) was applied to optimal tuning of set point controllers of the three main substrates (sugar, nitrogen source and dissolved oxygen) for PHB production process. For approximation of the critic and the controllers a special kind of recurrent neural networks called Echo state networks (ESN) were used. Their structur...

An experiment was conducted in eighteen 200-m2 fertilized earthen ponds at the Asian Institute of Technology, Thailand, from March through October 2000. This experiment was designed to assess the efficiency of snakehead (Channa striata) in controlling recruitment of mixed-sex Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in ponds and to assess growth and production characteristics of Nile tilapia in mon...

Production of polyvinly alcohol (PVA) oxidase by Pseudomonas sp. strain VM15C, a PVA degrader of a symbiotic PVA-utilizing mixed culture, was examined in various cultures. Despite the absence of PVA in the culture in nutrient broth, VM15C showed approximately the same productivity of PVA oxidase activity as that in the culture with PVA as the sole carbon source, whereas the productivity in the ...

Our concepts of the process of determination in embryonic development have been based largely on results obtained by extirpation, transplantation, and explantation of tissue masses consisting of many cells. These methods have revealed an apparent restriction of potencies during development. The varying results obtained with different methods, however, have led to serious questioning of the conc...

Previously, Thioploca ingrica had not been grown in the laboratory and observation of the organism was limited to specimens taken directly from natural mud samples. The method described here makes laboratory cultivation of T. ingrica in mixed culture possible. The medium consists of low concentrations of extracted hay, water, and mud with its natural bacterial flora. Four weeks after the hay an...

Electro-fermentation is a new technique that could be used to influence the global metabolism in mixed-culture fermentation. In this study, a mixed-culture cathodic electro-fermentation of glycerol was investigated. Both microbial community structure and metabolic patterns were altered when compared to standard fermentation. This microbial population shift was more significant when the working ...

Synthetic dyes, azo dye in particular, are widely found in the effluents from textile industries. The persistence and toxicity of these compounds cause adverse impact in the receiving streams. A mixture of isolated cultures, from domestic sewage treatment plant was found to decolourize reactive azo dyes, Red RB, Blue M2B and Yellow, efficiently in the absence of added external nitrogen source. ...