the paper is concerning preliminary survey of qaradaq region of eastern azerbaijan in view of ecological, archaeological and ethnographic perspectives. the region under study is poor in fertile soil, underpopulated settlements and nomadic ubas being its dominant landscape. indeed, archaeological investigations show the lack of considerable archaeological records up to the iron age. the main sub...

Land use is intensifying in southern Kajiado District, Kenya. In the 1960s and 1970s, land used communally by Maasai was divided into group ranches with title held collectively by ranch members. Some ranches have since been divided into parcels owned by individual members. Other sources of land use intensification include human population growth and immigration, more intensive livestock managem...

Introduction Eastern Africa has long been renowned for its highly specialised pastoralists (Gulliver, 1955; Herskovits, 1926; Hollis, 1905; Spencer, 1965). However, it is only in more recent years that recognition has grown of the extent and accomplishments of the region’s ‘specialist’ agriculturalists, as evidenced by the growing body of literature on Eastern African ‘islands of intensive agri...

At the household level, livestock plays a critical economic and social role in pastoralists and at the household level, livestock plays a critical economic and social role in pastoralists and smallholder farm households. The objectives of this study were to analyze factors affecting participation in cattle fattening and its impacts on household income in Fadis district of Eastern Hararghe. Both...

The 'challenge hypothesis' posits that testosterone facilitates reproductive effort (investment in male-male competition and mate-seeking) at the expense of parenting effort (investment in offspring and mates). Multiple studies, primarily in North America, have shown that men in committed relationships, fathers, or both maintain lower levels of testosterone than unpaired men. Data from non-west...

results the prevalence of excessive mobile phone use was 36.7% on the students. there was a significant relation between the prevalence of excessive mobile phone use and mental health status in general (p > 0.05), and also somatization (p < 0.05), anxiety and depression specifically (p < 0.05), but no significant relation was found between the excessive mobile phone use and social dysfunction (...

mobile robot navigation is one of the basic problems in robotics. in this paper, a new approachis proposed for autonomous mobile robot navigation in an unknown environment. the proposedapproach is based on learning virtual parallel paths that propel the mobile robot toward the trackusing a multi-layer, feed-forward neural network. for training, a human operator navigates themobile robot in some...

The Fulani are semi-nomadic pastoralists of West Africa whose diet, culture, and economy are centred on cattle. Previous studies have shown that the Fulani of northern Nigeria derive 50% of their total calories from fat and 30% of their calories from milk, cheese, yogurt, and butter oil that contain significant amounts of trans fatty acids (TFAs), primarily vaccenic acid, which raise total seru...

Pastoralists are generally known for carefully selecting and maintaining their livestock. In this study, we examine the preferences of pastoralists goat traits. We employ discrete choice experiments all levels endpoints to investigate relative weights that in southern Ethiopia attach different traits does bucks. Based on data generated from 600 pastoral households, estimated willingness pay, tr...