Contrast M-mode and two-dimensional ultrasonography of the inferior vena cava were performed in 65 patients with various acquired and congenital cardiac disorders. After saline was injected into a peripheral arm vein, the inferior vena cava was visualized by both methods in 60 patients (92%). The M-mode approach was better for correlating the appearance of contrast within the inferior vena cava...

background echocardiography is widely used to diagnose or exclude cardiac disease. the reports on reference values based on an asian population are limited. objectives we conducted a study to determine normal values for two-dimensional, m-mode, and doppler echocardiographic measurements and evaluate the relationship between these parameters and age and gender in a large, healthy iranian populat...

performance of heart has substantial role in breaking records of sports. achieving to optimal performance of endurance training builds upon the consistency in several parts of body specially heart. type, intensity, term training programs is determining components of providing structural consistency and performance of heart especially in left ventricular. aim of this research was comparing struc...

Echocardiography is pivotal in the diagnosis and management of the shocked patient. Important characteristics in the setting of shock are that it is non-invasive and can be rapidly applied.In the acute situation a basic study often yields immediate results allowing for the initiation of therapy, while a follow-up advanced study brings the advantage of further refining the diagnosis and providin...

The year 2013 marked the 60th anniversary of Inge Edler and Hellmuth Hertz's discovery of echocardiography and the 160th anniversary of the death of Christian Andreas Doppler (1803–1853). The work of these pioneers marked modern cardiology not only by providing a more accurate diagnosis of heart disease but also by guiding patients' management. Echocardiography has to be included among the top ...

conclusions endocarditis is an important disease with a high mortality rate if not treated appropriately. therefore, these patients need more attention. in echocardiography, vegetation and complications of ie such as abscess and paravalvular leakage can be detected. results we studied 35 patients, 45% male and 55% female with a mean age of 56.36 ± 12.44 years. fever (80%) and chills (65.7%) wer...