Two buckling modes have been observed in thin films: buckle delamination and wrinkling. This letter identifies the conditions for selecting the favored buckling modes for elastic films on elastic substrates. Transition from one buckling mode to another is predicted as the stiffness ratio between the substrate and the film or is predicted for variation of the stiffness ratio between the substrat...

The condition for axial mode operation in helical antenna according to the classical design data is the helix circumference to wavelength ratio (C/ ) must be in a range of 0.8 to 1.2. In this paper the C/ ratio is reduced to 0.2 for the wavelength 125 mm. It is achieved by loading the helix in a back cavity. The design concept of helical resonator filter is used for design of this antenna. If t...

We reexamine the oscillator construction of the D25-brane solution and the tachyon fluctuation mode of vacuum string field theory given previously. Both the classical solution and the tachyon mode are found to violate infinitesimally their determining equations in the level cut-off regularization. We study the effects of these violations on physical quantities such as the tachyon mass and the r...

This paper presents a slip suppression controller using sliding mode control method for electric vehicles which aims to improve the control performance and the energy conservation by controlling the slip ratio of wheel. In this method, a robust sliding mode controller against the model uncertainties is designed to obtain the maximum driving force by suppressing the slip ratio. The numerical sim...

We present a quantitative experimental comparison of fiber-based, single- and few-mode dynamic light scattering with the classical pinhole-detection optics. The recently presented theory of mode-selective dynamic light scattering [Appl. Opt. 32, 2860 (1993)] predicts a collection efficiency and a signal-tobaseline ratio superior to that of a classical pinhole setup. These predictions are confir...

The fractional thermal loading in a diode-end-pumped solid-state laser is deduced from experimental measurement of the critical pump power. The results show that fractional thermal loading critically depends on the pump-to-mode size ratio. This dependence is attributed to the effect of the pump-to-mode size ratio on the population inversion and to the effect of energy-transfer upconversion. Rig...

New energetic particle mode instabilities of fishbone type are predicted. The considered instabilities are driven by the circulating energetic ions. They can arise in plasmas of tokamaks and spherical tori with weak magnetic shear in the wide core region and strong shear at the periphery, provided that the central safety factor is close to the ratio m/n, where m and n are the poloidal mode numb...

We investigate the effects of cosmological expansion on the spectrum of small-scale structure on a cosmic string. We simulate the evolution of a string with two modes that differ in wavelength by one order of magnitude. Once the short mode is inside the horizon, we find that its physical amplitude remains unchanged, in spite of the fact that its comoving wavelength decreases as the longer mode ...

In a previous paper, we proposed a simple method for measuring the mode excitation ratio in a two-mode fiber (TMF). Here, we experimentally investigate the applicability of the proposed method and also propose an alternative formulation to reduce experimental error.

Different multicasting schemes in optical packet switched networks are discussed, including the parallel mode, serial mode, and hybrid mode multicasting schemes. Simulated modeling technique is applied to compare the network-level performance of the three multicasting schemes. A conclusion can be drawn from the results that since the hybrid-mode multicasting scheme can increase the multicast su...