Despite major advances in our understanding of reflux disease, the management of this disorder still presents many challenges. Reduction of heartburn is the most readily apparent objective for the patient with reflux disease. Thus the ability to measure heartburn accurately is of fundamental importance to clinical research in reflux disease. Here, the available data on the assessment of reflux ...

Vesicoureteric reflux (VUR) is a common congenital defect of the urinary tract that is usually discovered after a child develops a urinary tract infection. It is associated with reflux nephropathy, a renal lesion characterized by the presence of chronic tubulointersitial inflammation and fibrosis. Most patients are diagnosed with reflux nephropathy after one or more febrile urinary tract infect...

BACKGROUND Telangiectasias have been treated with sclerotherapy without concomitant assessment or treatment of saphenous veins. OBJECTIVE To clarify if ultrasound (US) mapping of saphenous veins is justifiable, this investigation determined prevalence of specific patterns of saphenous vein reflux in women with telangiectasias. METHODS US mapping of the great and small saphenous veins (GSV, ...

Gastroesophageal reflux is the involuntary movement of gastric contents to the esophagus. It is a common disease, occurring in one third of the population in the United States. However, reflux is only considered a disease when it causes frequent or severe symptoms or when it produces injury. About 3–7% of the U.S. population suffers from frank esophageal reflux disease. Most reflux disease is n...

Thirteen girls with grade III-V vesicoureteric reflux were treated by endoscopic injection of Teflon paste behind the intravesical ureter. Fourteen of the 18 treated ureters showed complete absence of reflux after one injection of Teflon. Three ureters required a second injection of Teflon for successful treatment of the reflux. One ureter with grade IV reflux was converted to grade II reflux. ...

The doppler color flow imaging method was employed to detect the vesicoureteral reflux. The ultrasound examination was performed by using the doppler color flow imaging system. Ultrasonic sector scan was carried out by the use of the 3.75 MHz phased array and/or conbex array transducer with a transabdominal approach. The flow in the bladder from the ureteral orifice to the bladder was detected ...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Acid gastro-oesophageal reflux is one of the most important causes of chronic cough. The response to acid suppression in these patients is not as good as in patients with heartburn but improvement with antireflux surgery has been reported, suggesting the involvement of a non-acidic gastric component in the refluxate. Less acidic reflux may produce symptoms such as regurgitat...

BACKGROUND Atropine reduces the rate of reflux episodes in normal subjects by inhibition of transient lower oesophageal sphincter (LOS) relaxations. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of atropine on the rate and mechanisms of reflux in patients with reflux disease. METHODS Oesophageal motility and pH were recorded for one hour after a meal in 15 patients with reflux disease. ...

INTRODUCTION The objective was to determine the frequency of gastroesophageal reflux (GER) in mechanically ventilated pediatric patients and its role as a risk factor for ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), which may be enhanced among those patients. METHODS The study is a prospective cohort study of mechanically ventilated pediatric patients in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) of ...

OBJECTIVE There are no objective ambulatory studies on the temporal relationship between reflux and cough in children. Commercial pHmetry loggers have slow capture rates (0.25 Hz) that limit objective quantification of reflux and cough. The authors aimed to evaluate if there is a temporal association between cough and acid pH in ambulatory children with chronic cough. DESIGN, SETTING AND PATI...