A planar monomial is by definition an isomorphism class of a finite, planar, reduced rooted tree. If x denotes the tree with a single vertex, any planar monomial is a non-associative product in x relative to m−array grafting. A planar power series f(x) over a field K in x is an infinite sum of K−multiples of planar monomials including the unit monomial represented by the empty tree. For every p...