There is a wide variety of genital abnormalities observed in patients with Denys-Drash syndrome (DDS). WT1 is thought to influence the genes related to genital development and mutations in this gene have been associated with DDS. DDS should be considered in the differential diagnosis of newborns with genital anomalies. In contrast to other conditions with 46,XY disorders of sex development, ind...

Background: Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich (HWW) syndrome is a rare variant of Mullerian duct anomalies. The characteristic triad this includes didelphys uterus, obstructed hemivagina, and ipsilateral renal agenesis, recently known as Obstructed Hemivagina Ipsilateral Renal Anomaly (OHVIRA) syndrome. most common presentation abdominal pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, mass secondary to hematocolpos, hematos...

background: anti-mullerian hormone (amh) is constantly secreted during menstrual cycles and may offer several advantages over traditional biomarkers of ovarian reserve. objective: to assess the relationship of anti-mullerian hormone (amh) values, which are used to evaluate ovary reserves, with oocyte and embryo quality and with art outcomes in patients undergoing intra-cytoplasmic sperm injecti...

Uterine malformations form a non-homogenous group of pathologies with a variable impact on reproduction, often not strictly related to the apparent seriousness of pathology. It concerns about 1-5% of women. Among the many tecniques, invasive and not, useful to diagnosis, many authors believe that laparoscopy associated with hysteroscopy allows diagnosis in all cases. Many references confirm thi...

Unicornuate uterus is a rare congenital anomaly which occurs due to partial development of mullerian duct system. Patient with unicornuate uterus usually present with dysmenorrhoea, hematometra and endometriosis during their reproductive period. In the absence of these symptoms, proper identification and diagnosis of mullerian anomaly becomes difficult. Sometimes during laparoscopy it can mimic...

Alfred Jost, the French Physiologist (1974) (1), in some magnificent experiments, showed that all castrated rabbit embryos, before sex differentiation, produced female offspring regardless of the chromosomal constitution (2). Male gonads and their essential hormones, i.e. anti-Mullerian factor to inhibit Mullerian development and testosterone to initiate the Wolfferian growth and convert the ur...