Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is a variant of traditional computed tomography (CT) and was first described in the late 1970s. The main difference between the two approaches is the volume of the object that is imaged at one time. In traditional CT, a narrow slice of the patient is imaged with a “fan beam” of X-rays. For an extended volume of the anatomy via CT, the patient must be imaged ...

We describe the displacement of the beam-axis from the planning isocenter in clinical situations during three-dimensional conformal radiosurgery using an Acculeaf bi-directional micro-multileaf collimator. The displacements were recorded for 64 ports using a video imaging system and a stereotactic arc. The mean displacement was 0.41+/-0.25 mm.

A multiple-slit collimator (MSC) design was introduced for scatter reduction in cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Unlike most other collimators, the open and closed septa of the proposed MSC are placed in an equi-angular interval on a circular track of the central sagittal plane. Therefore, one gantry rotation provides only the half of necessary dataset and two gantry rotations are needed t...

In this paper we develop a new method of parabolic equation (PE) for calculation of both high-frequency and small-angle taper (or collimator) impedances. The applicability of PE in the high-frequency limit is based on the observation that in this case the contribution to impedance comes from the electromagnetic waves that catch up with the beam far from the obstacle and propagate at small-angle...

PURPOSE We report on an integrated system for real-time adaptive radiation delivery to moving tumors. The system combines two promising technologies-three-dimensional internal position monitoring using implanted electromagnetically excitable transponders and corresponding real-time beam adaptation using a dynamic multileaf collimator (DMLC). METHODS AND MATERIALS In a multi-institutional acad...

The instrumental effects related to the use of a polycapillary x-ray lens as primary beam collimator are here studied and the features observed in the measurements modelled via Monte-Carlo ray-tracing. Comparison with existing procedures is presented and experimental evidence of the accuracy improvements due to the use of a correction algorithm is shown.

To create a comprehensive dataset of peripheral dose (PD) measurements from a new generation of linear accelerators with and without the presence of a newly designed fetal shield, PD measurements were performed to evaluate the effects of depth, field size, distance from the field edge, collimator angle, and beam modi-fiers for common treatment protocols and modalities. A custom fetal lead shiel...

Neutron radiography has long been used in various scientific investigations and industrial applications that require thermal neutrons for characterization. Different kinds of sources such as radioactive sources, portable and accelerator based neutron generators and nuclear reactors can be used to provide thermal beam of neutrons suited for neutron radiography. Among the different varieties of n...

The application of intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) has enabled the delivery of high doses to the target volume while sparing the surrounding normal tissues. The drawbacks of intensity modulation, as implemented using a computer controlled multileaf collimator (MLC), are the larger number of monitor units (MUs) and longer beam-on time as compared with conventional radiotherapy. Addi...

This paper presents a method for volumetric reconstruction from Helical Computerized Tomography (H-CT) data which are collected with a fan beam source. An interpretation of the HCT data in terms of the Axial Computerized Tomography (ACT) data is provided. This analysis indicates that the H-CT data for positive and negative detector angles can be combined to form periodically nonuniform hexagona...