background & aim: conjoined nerve root is defined as two adjacent nerve roots that share a common dural envelope at some points during their course from the thecal sac. this study reports our experience of conjoined roots involving three cases in dakar. methods & materials/patients: this is a consecutive study from 2013 to 2015 involving patients supported for disc herniation and who have prese...

We present algorithmic, complexity and implementation results for the problem of isolating the real roots of a univariate polynomial in Bα ∈ L[y], where L = ( Q(α) is a simple algebraic extension of the rational numbers. We revisit two approaches for the problem. In the first approach, using resultant computations, we perform a reduction to a polynomial with integer coefficients and we deduce a...

i ntroduction: apical debris extrusion (de) subsequent to root canal instrumentation, is one of the most important causes of endodontic flare-ups. the aim of this study was to compare the amount of de after root canal instrumentation using nickel-titanium (niti) hand files with step-back manual technique or installed on reciprocating handpiece. methods and materials: this study was conducted on...