BACKGROUND Body armor is credited with increased survival rates in soldiers but the additional axial load may negatively impact the biomechanics of the spine resulting in low back pain. Multiple studies have found that lumbar stabilization programs are superior to generalized programs for patients with chronic low back pain. It is not known if such programs produce objective changes in trunk mu...

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to assess muscle architecture changes in subjects who were administered supraphysiologic doses of testosterone enanthate (TE) and concurrently performed heavy resistance training. METHODS Ten subjects were randomly selected from the 21 subjects who participated in a previously published study (12). Subjects were allocated to one of two groups as per Giorg...

UNLABELLED Eccentric training for Achilles tendinosis (AT) has been reported to significantly improve patient symptoms. There has been no biomechanical explanation on the mechanism for specific rehabilitation technique. The purpose of this study was to determine changes in muscle architecture that occurred as a result of Achilles tendinosis injury and a subsequent eccentric rehabilitation progr...

Live weight and ultrasound measures of fat thickness and longissimus muscle area were available on 404 yearling bulls and 514 heifers, and carcass measures of weight, longissimus muscle area, and fat thickness were available on 235 steers. Breeding values were initially estimated for carcass weight, longissimus muscle area, and fat thickness using only steer carcass data. Breeding values were a...

PURPOSE To enhance our understanding of sonographically visible alterations in bladder wall thickness, we delineated phenotypic changes occurring in developing smooth muscle cells of the fetal and postnatal bladder with respect to gender specific differences. MATERIALS AND METHODS Bladders of 30 male and 18 female fetuses and 4 stillborn infants were immunostained with an alpha-smooth muscle ...