The Intergroup Prisoner’s Dilemma with Intragroup Power Dynamics (IPD^2) is a new game paradigm for studying human behavior in conflict situations. IPD^2 adds the concept of intragroup power to an intergroup version of the standard Repeated Prisoner’s Dilemma game. We conducted a laboratory study in which individual human participants played the game against computer strategies of various compl...

Cooperative behavior can be observed widely in our society. An important aspect of cooperation is that people can maintain mutual cooperation even if they are faced with social dilemma, which means the situation that people fail to cooperate although entire cooperation gives better payoff to everyone. Several mechanisms are pointed out to be important to overcome the social dilemma, and recipro...

An open problem in evolutionary game dynamics is to understand the effect of peer pressure on cooperation in a quantitative manner. Peer pressure can be modeled by punishment, which has been proved to be an effective mechanism to sustain cooperation among selfish individuals. We investigate a symmetric punishment strategy, in which an individual will punish each neighbor if their strategies are...

We study the evolution of cooperation in the evolutionary spatial prisoner's dilemma game (PDG) and snowdrift game (SG), within which a fraction α of the payoffs of each player gained from direct game interactions is shared equally by the immediate neighbors. The magnitude of the parameter α therefore characterizes the degree of the relatedness among the neighboring players. By means of extensi...

one of the innovations of councils law is the assignment of an executive officer is responsible of implementing legislations of islamic council of the village. the performances of assistants we classified in three classes of social, economical and environmental- structural indices. the objective of the current research is to evaluate the indices effective on the performance levels of village as...

The Nash equilibrium, the main solution concept in analytical game theory, cannot make precise predictions about the outcome of repeated mixed-motive games. Nor can it tell us much about the dynamics by which a population of players moves from one equilibrium to another. These limitations, along with concerns about the cognitive demands of forward-looking rationality, have motivated efforts to ...

The Framework Convention Alliance welcomes the Secretariat’s report on financial resources and mechanisms of assistance, and urges the COP to adopt a decision: Reaffirming the importance of mechanisms of assistance and financial resources for implementation of the Convention; Calling on Parties to provide extra-budgetary contributions for the implementation assistance activities approved in the...

In this paper, a novel technique known as Cooperative Communication in MIMO has been incorporated. This technique allows single antenna mobiles to have the benefits of MIMO systems. Numerical analysis and mathematical modeling is done for SISO with no cooperation, MIMO with no cooperation and MIMO with cooperation or Cooperative MIMO. Expressions for SNR, Outage probability and capacity over a ...

This study clarifies the design of public assistance to promote self-help and mutual aid among disaster victims during recovery reconstruction phases natural disasters.