Recent findings indicate that rats navigate in spatial tasks such as the Morris water maze (MWM) using a local cue-based reference frame rather than a distal cue-based reference frame. Specifically, rats swim in a particular direction to a location relative to pool-based cues, rather than to an absolute location defined by room-based cues. Neural mechanisms supporting this bias in rodents for r...

Progressive memory loss is a symptom of many dangerous neurological diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease and forgetfulness. The goal this study was to see how well bioactive molecules worked in animal models amnesia caused by scopolamine. Ginger has lot Zingerone (Zn), which makes up about 9.25% the total amount. Gramine (Ga) nonterpenoid indole alkaloid that found plants like barley wheat. It...

Abstract Alzheimer disease (AD) is a chronic and progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by memory loss cognition impairment. A link has been established between AD epilepsy sharing multiple mechanisms pathogenesis. Similar Hippocampal changes have found both diseases. Choosing antiepileptic drug in patient represent great challenge especially with increase seizure risk patients. L...

Stroke significantly stimulates neurogenesis in the adult dentate gyrus, though the functional role of this postlesional response is mostly unclear. Recent findings suggest that newborn neurons generated in the context of stroke may fail to correctly integrate into pre-existing networks. We hypothesized that increased neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus following stroke is associated with aberran...

UNLABELLED Apolipoprotein E4 (apoE4) is the major genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the underlying mechanisms are still poorly understood. We previously reported that female apoE4 knock-in (KI) mice had an age-dependent decline in hilar GABAergic interneurons that correlated with the extent of learning and memory deficits, as determined by Morris water maze (MWM), in ag...

BACKGROUND Acute hydrogen sulfide (H2S) poisoning produces a coma, the outcome of which ranges from full recovery to severe neurological deficits. The aim of our study was to 1--describe the immediate and long-term neurological effects following H2S-induced coma in un-anesthetized rats, and 2--determine the potential benefit of methylene blue (MB), a compound we previously found to counteract a...

BACKGROUND The spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) has been used to model changes in the central nervous system associated with cognitive-related disorders. Recent human and animal studies indicate a possible relationship between cognitive deficits, insulin resistance and hypertension. We aimed to investigate whether cognitively impaired SHRs develop central and/or peripheral insulin resistanc...

Our previous studies demonstrated that methamphetamine administered during gestation and lactation periods impairs maternal behavior, alters the functional development of rat pups and affects behavior in adulthood. The aim of our study was to investigate the effect of prenatal methamphetamine exposure and cross-fostering on learning tested in Morris water maze (MWM) in adult male rats. Mothers ...

Resveratrol, a polyphenol phytoalexine, has been shown to play a neuroprotective role in the neurodegenerative process in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and improve memory function in dementia. However, the in vivo effect of resveratrol in normal aging models of learning and memory has not yet been evaluated. Therefore, the present neurobehavioral study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of resver...