Endocrine aspects of critical care have been a major focus of both clinical and basic science research in the past several years. It is becoming increasingly evident that the neuroendocrine response is both a mediator and a modulator of a variety of conditions afflicting the critically ill patient, such as sepsis, trauma, and surgery. Critical care endocrinology encompasses a multitude of disea...

INTRODUCTION Pulmonary hypertension is common among patients with hyperthyroidism, and Graves' disease constitutes the most common cause of thyrotoxicosis. CASE PRESENTATION We report the case of a female patient admitted to the cardiology department with shortness of breath and pretibial myxedema. The diagnostic work-up revealed combined pre- and post-capillary pulmonary hypertension due to ...

A 43-year-old woman with a huge portal-systemic shunt accompanied by myxedema showed slow speech and behavior. Several imaging studies revealed a bold portal-systemic shunt from the splenic vein to the left renal vein. In addition, hypothyroidism caused by chronic thyroiditis was diagnosed, and synthesized thyroxine replacement was effective for the symptoms. However, the serum ammonia and indo...

The evidence is quite conclusive from animal studies that an excess of circulating thyroid hormone results in adrenal enlargement, and hypothyroidism produced by surgical thyroidectomy or by administration of antithyroid drugs results in adrenal atrophy. This subject has been extensively reviewed by Money (1). Studies of adrenal size in patients with thyroid disease coming to autopsy have yield...

Although very rare, the literature describes cases of Hashimoto encephalopathy attesting to its occurrence. Affected patients present with seizures, stroke-like episodes, transient focal and global neurological deficits, and a variety of neuropsychiatric disturbance from dementia to hallucinations and psychosis. The encephalopathy evolves with concomitantly elevated anti-thyroid peroxidase anti...

Psychosis is a rare initial presentation of new-onset hypothyroidism. The author describes the case of a 29-year-old woman who presented with psychosis caused by hypothyroidism, or myxedema madness. Although the patient's psychosis resolved after standard monotherapy using levothyroxine sodium, her hypothyroidism persisted. Imaging of the patient's cervical spine showed that previous C5-C6 and ...