K e y w o r d s : Health services, personel, measurement, scheduling 1 . I n t r o d u c t i o n A few years ago a system of budgetting was introduced in Dutch hospitals. The Dutch National Hospital Board and the National Consultants Union together published a declaration of intent regarding the budgetting situation. Some important points are: cost budgets and activities have to be completely m...

Third-party payer systems are consistently associated with health care cost escalation. Taiwan's single-payer, universal coverage National Health Insurance (NHI) adopted global budgeting (GB) to achieve cost control. This study captures ophthalmologists' response to GB, specifically service volume changes and service substitution between low-revenue and high-revenue services following GB implem...

Abstract Scholars and practitioners continue to debate transatlantic burden sharing, which has implications for broader questions of collective action international organizations. Little research, however, analyzed domestic institutional drivers burden-sharing behavior; even less disaggregated defense spending measure sharing more precisely. This paper enhances understanding the relationship be...

Protected Areas (PAs) are fundamental for biodiversity conservation, for the provision of ecosystem services, and for tourism. In Africa, they are subject to increasing pressures of two kinds: objective factors, like high human fertility rates, that are generally not open to human manipulation, and subjective factors that are under human control. A major subjective component has been reduction ...

BACKGROUND Although End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) is a disease of increasing epidemiological relevance very little is known about the cost of providing the respective dialysis services in Tanzania. This paper estimates the costs of dialysis for ESRD patients at Muhimbili National Hospital (MNH) in Tanzania in the year 2014. METHODS Cost calculations are based on the provider perspective and ...

Is privacy a luxury for the rich world? Remarkably, there is dearth of literature evaluating whether data too costly companies to implement, or expensive governments enforce. This paper first offer review surveys costs compliance, and summarize national budgets enforcement. The study shows that while may indeed prove it not will help inform as they fashion implement laws address “privacy enfo...