In this paper scalar and vector data are visualised by suited colour scales based on perceptive and uniform colour models. Using opportune colour scales, colour information is created from the two-dimensional scalar data computed at different time steps. Direction and magnitude of computed vector data are represented employing circular colour look-up tables (LKT). In a scientific computing envi...

A key question in colour research is how the colour and spatial analysis of an image interact. Traditionally, colour and form analysis have been regarded as parallel and separate processes, and documented effects of image complexity on chromatic adaptation have been attributed to a temporal integration process during eye movements. Evidence is presented here for a spatial mechanism, which tunes...

The visual displays of animals and plants are often colourful, and colour vision allows animals to respond to these signals as they forage for food, choose mates and so-forth. This article discusses the evolutionary relationship between photoreceptor spectral sensitivities of four groups of land animals--birds, butterflies, primates and hymenopteran insects (bees and wasps)--, the colour signal...

The regular improvement and adaptation of an ontology is a key factor for the success of an ontology-based system. In this paper, we report on an ongoing project that aims for a methodology and tool for ontology development in a self-improving manner. The approach makes heavy use of methods known in natural language processing and information extraction.

We showcase ICE, an Integrated Customization Environment for Information Extraction. ICE is an easy tool for non-NLP experts to rapidly build customized IE systems for a new domain.

BACKGROUND Skin colour is an important factor in skin-related diseases. Accurate determination of skin colour is important for disease prevention and supporting healthy sun behaviour, yet such data are lacking for dark skin types. METHODS Self-perceived, natural skin colour and sun-skin reaction were compared with objectively measured skin colour among an African population with predominantly...

Terminology extraction is an important work for automatic update of domain specific knowledge. Contextual information helps to decide whether the extracted new terms are terminology or not. As extraction based on fixed patterns has very limited use to handle natural language text, we need both syntactical and semantic information in the context of a term to determine its termhood. In this paper...

We argue that NLP researchers are especially well-positioned to contribute to the national discussion about gun violence. Reasoning about the causes and outcomes of gun violence is typically dominated by politics and emotion, and data-driven research on the topic is stymied by a shortage of data and a lack of federal funding. However, data abounds in the form of unstructured text from news arti...

Rapid colour change is a remarkable natural phenomenon that has evolved in several vertebrate and invertebrate lineages. The two principal explanations for the evolution of this adaptive strategy are (1) natural selection for crypsis (camouflage) against a range of different backgrounds and (2) selection for conspicuous social signals that maximise detectability to conspecifics, yet minimise ex...

Using imaging polarimetry, we have measured some typical reflection-polarization patterns of plant surfaces (leaves and flowers) under different illuminations. Using a quantitative model to determine photon absorptions in the weakly polarization-sensitive (PS approximately 2) photoreceptors of Papilio butterflies, we have calculated the influence of reflection polarization on the colours of lea...