The role of the representative and advertisements as information sources is discussed. Emphasis is placed on these as providing only part of the whole data package available to a doctor to enable him to make his prescribing decision.

Hale (1999) presents an argument from McFetridge (1990) for his conclusion, and states (1999, p. 32) that there is an obvious objection. His paper aims to supplement McFetridge’s argument to meet that objection. He concludes that this establishes the necessity of necessity. Below are two independent complaints against Hale. The first is directed against McFetridge’s argument. It is independent ...

OBJECTIVE To quantify the extent and nature of healthy eating messages Australian consumers are currently exposed through magazine advertising. METHOD Analysis of healthy eating messages in advertisements found in the top 30 Australian magazines between January and June 2005 was conducted. Advertisements were analysed and classified by source, subject, food category, food type, food occasion,...

This study examines smokers' responses to advertisements for potentially reduced exposure tobacco products (PREP), light cigarettes, and regular cigarettes. A convenience sample of 600 adult smokers reviewed one actual advertisement for each type of product. Smokers ranked the products on health risk, amount of tar, and carcinogenicity, and identified the messages they perceived the advertiseme...

Studies have shown that increased exposure to cigarette advertising increases adolescents' risk of smoking and moreover, that gender may play an important role in moderating how cigarette advertisements are viewed and processed. However, information about the particular features of cigarette advertising that interact with gender to promote smoking among adolescents is scarce. The purpose of thi...

Teenage is the most vital and delicate stage of human life. During teenage youngsters try to follow new fashion, culture and style which is being presented in different programs and advertisements on television. They have strong urge and inclination to adopt something new and extra ordinary different from their surroundings. In Pakistan, there are about 43.40% are the adolescents of the age bet...

INTRODUCTION The level of physical activity among children is a growing concern. Evidence shows that many children aged 9 to 13 years (tweens) do not participate in any organized physical activity during their nonschool hours, and some do not engage in any free-time physical activity. Physical inactivity is associated with a host of chronic diseases such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease. ...