Renal access for urinary diversion is typically achieved by means of percutaneous nephrostomy. Other indications for percutaneous nephrostomy include treatment of nephrolithiasis and complex urinary tract infections, ureteral intervention, and nephroscopy and ureteroscopy. Typically the kidney is accessed in the avascular plane of Brodel to prevent bleeding complications [1]. Visualization of t...

Background: Needlestick injury is a dangerous work accident that causes blood contact with pa- tients and at risk of being infected borne diseases such as hepatitis B virus (HBV), C (HCV), human immunodeficiency (HIV). The purpose this study was to analyze the influence unsafe behavior factors on incidence accidents due needlestick health workers in hospitals. Subjects Method: This research con...

Objectives: Dry Needling (DN) is a novel and effective intervention for patients with Myofascial Pain Syndrome (MPS). Some characteristics, such as needle penetration depth, needle insertion into the target muscle, and trigger points must be identified in this intervention. The Ultrasound (US)-guided DN is a technique that involves needle insertion at the site of injury and the simulation of ti...

Background and Aim: Despite the increasing prevalence of infection with some blood-borne viruses, no standard precautions have been developed so far based on the Health Belief Model (HBM). This study aimed to assess, based on the HBM, the predictors of adherence to standard precautions in preventing needle stick injuries among the Personnel of Sanandaj Teaching Hospitals, Sanandaj City, Iran in...

Occupational exposure to blood is a significant problem among health care workers. Nurses are group that particularly at risk. Exposure can lead HBV, HCV or HIV infection. Extremely important for preventing exposures improving knowledge of medical personnel about consequences being infected by bloodborne pathogens, preventive measures and advantages using those measures, especially post-exposur...