We treated a 49-yr-old man with neostigmine, who had liver cirrhosis, acute hepatic encephalopathy, and acute intestinal pseudoobstruction. He was admitted in a state of hepatic confusion. On physical examination, the abdomen was distended; and bowel sound was absent. Plain abdomen film revealed multiple air-fluid levels and distention of bowel loops. Initially, we gave him lactulose enemas eve...

Objctive: The present study, investigates the analgesic effects and complications of intra-articular neostigmine, tramadol, tenoxicam and bupivacaine on postoperative pain in patients undergoing day case knee arthroscopy. Subjects: Group 1 received 0.5 mg neostigmine, Group 2 received 100 mg tramadol, Group 3 received 20 mg tenoxicam, Group 4 received 20 ml 0.5% bupivacaine (control) in 20 ml n...

AIMS To compare the pharmacodynamics of cisatracurium and rocuronium-induced neuromuscular block following single dose, allowing either spontaneous or neostigmine-accelerated complete recovery. METHODS Following the ethics committee approval and informed consent, 120 patients scheduled for elective surgery under TIVA with tracheal intubation were randomized into 4 groups with different cisatr...

Acute alcohol intoxication results in impaired hemodynamic counterregulation to blood loss and is associated with an attenuated hemorrhage-induced release of catecholamines and AVP. We speculated that restoration of the neuroendocrine response to hemorrhage would improve mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) recovery during acute alcohol intoxication. Previously, we demonstrated that intracerebro...

Application of 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) along with excitatory amino acid (EAA) receptor antagonists produces γ-aminobutyric acid (GABAA) receptor-dependent synchronized activity in interneurons. This results in waves of activity propagating through upper cortical layers. Since interneurons in the neocortex are excited by nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) agonists, ACh may influence synchro...

Background: Sugammadex is a new reversal agent for nondepolarizing neuromuscular blockade. We conducted the randomized clinical study to compare the recovery between sugammadex alone and combined use of sugammadex and neostigmine. Methods: Forty adult patients were randomly allocated to Group S (n=20) or Group SN (n=20). General anesthesia was induced and maintained with propofol and remifentan...

Harvey, Lilienthal, and Talbot (1941) and Harvey and Lilienthal (1941) reported that the effects of the injection of both acetyl choline and neostigmine into the brachial artery of patients with myasthenia gravis differed profoundly from those in the normal subject. Their results with acetyl choline could not be repeated by Wilson and Stoner (1947) or by Acheson, Langohr, and Stanbury (1948), b...

Introduction Anticholinergic poisoning can require administration of an antidote. The classical antidote used is the anticholinesterase, physostigmine [1]. Another anticholinesterase, neostigmine, has been less described for this indication [2]. Tropatepine (Lepticur) is a synthetic molecule used in the treatment of Parkinson's disease or to correct Parkinson syndromes induced by neuroleptic dr...

BACKGROUND Sugammadex reverses the effect of rocuronium more rapidly and effectively than neostigmine, at all levels of neuromuscular blockade (NMB). However, its cost is prohibitive. The combination of half dose sugammadex with neostigmine would be non-inferior to full dose sugammadex for the reversal of deep NMB. This approach would reduce the cost of sugammadex while preserving its efficacy....

Background: Anticholinesterases increase the concentration of acetylcholine at the postsynaptic sites which cause prolonged analgesia. Aims Objectives: To evaluate and compare the effects of intrathecal neostigmine and intrathecal fentanyl on post-operative pain relief. Materials and Methods: After informed consent, 60 female patients of age between 40 and 60 years, belonging to ASA Grades 1 an...