Textbooks and most of the evolutionary literature talk about evolutionary forces acting on a population. The analog y was proposed by Elliott Sober (1984) who arg ues that evolutionary theory is a theory of forces because, in the same way that different forces of Newtonian mechanics cause chang es in the movement of bodies, evolutionary forces cause chang es in g ene and/or g enotype frequencie...

the high blood rate that often occurs in arteries may play a role in artery failure and tortuosity which leads to blackouts, transitory ischemic attacks and other diseases. however, vibration and instability analysis of carotid arteries are lacking. the objective of this study is to investigate the vibration and instability of the carotid arteries conveying blood under axial tension with surrou...

Investigation was carried out to study the effect of different carrier materials namely, maltodextrin (MD) and gum Arabic (GA) with original juice (OJ) on viscosity of reconstituted beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.) juice powder at different solid contents (Xs) 10 to 50% and wide range of temperature 10 to 85°C. The rheological parameter shear stress was measured up to the shear rate of 1000 s-1 by c...

The gravitational radiation originating from a compact binary system in circular orbit is usually expressed as an infinite sum over radiative multipole moments. In a slow-motion approximation, each multipole moment is then expressed as a post-Newtonian expansion in powers of v/c, the ratio of the orbital velocity to the speed of light. The “bare multipole truncation” of the radiation consists i...

[1] The effect of rheology on the evolution of the slab-tip during subduction initiation is analyzed using 2-D numerical flow models. Experimentally determined flow laws have both strong temperatureand stress-dependence, which leads to large local variations in viscosity with direct consequences for subduction initiation. We find that models with Newtonian viscosity lead to flat or coupled subd...

The coupling between plate motions and mantle convection is investigated using a fully dynamic numerical model consisting of a thin non-Newtonian layer which is dynamically coupled to a thick Newtonian viscous layer. The non-Newtonian layer has a simple power-law rheology characterized by power-law index n and stiffness constant pp. A systematic investigation of steady, single cell configuratio...

We present a new set of 3.5 Post-Newtonian equations in which Newtonian hydrodynamics is coupled to the nonconservative effects of gravitational radiation emission. Our formalism differs in two significant ways from a similar 3.5 Post-Newtonian approach proposed by Blanchet (1993, 1997). Firstly we concentrate only on the radiation-reaction effects produced by a time-varying mass-current quadru...

Some researchers have argued that mass perception, causal ascriptions, and predictions in simple billiard ball interactions can be modeled as inductive Bayesian inference over a (noisy) Newtonian representation of the world. However, there are phenomena, such as the asymmetrical ascription of forces to colliding objects, that are conceptually incompatible with the symmetry of Newtonian physics....

The steady flow arising due to the rotation of a non-Newtonian fluid at a larger distance from a stationary disk is extended to the case where the disk surface admits partial slip. The constitutive equation of the non-Newtonian fluid is modeled by that for a Reiner-Rivlin fluid. The momentum equation gives rise to a highly nonlinear boundary value problem. Numerical solution of the governing no...

Roll coating is distinguished by the use of one or more gaps between rotating cylinders to meter and apply a liquid layer to a substrate. Except at low speed, the two-dimensional film splitting flow that occurs in forward roll coating is unstable; a three-dimensional steady flow sets in, resulting in more or less regular stripes in the machine direction. For Newtonian liquids, the stability of ...