The objective of this chapter is to introduce and to illustrate the frequent and wide occurrence of non-Newtonian fluid behaviour in a diverse range of applications, both in nature and in technology. Starting with the definition of a nonNewtonian fluid, different types of non-Newtonian characteristics are briefly described. Representative examples of materials (foams, suspensions, polymer solut...

This paper presents a numerical study of non-Newtonian effects on the solution of shape optimization problems involving unsteady pulsatile blood flow. We consider an idealized two dimensional arterial graft geometry. Our computations are based on the Navier-Stokes equations generalized to non-Newtonian fluid, with the modified Cross model employed to account for the shear-thinning behavior of b...

Direct numerical simulation of the weakly turbulent flow of non-Newtonian fluids is undertaken for two different generalised Newtonian rheology models using a spectral element-Fourier method. Results for a power law (shear-thinning) rheology agree well with experimentally determined logarithmic layer correlations and with other previously published experimental work. As the flow index becomes s...

The Misner–Sharp–Hernandez mass defined in general relativity and in spherical symmetry has been recognized as having a Newtonian character in previous literature. In order to better understand this feature we relax spherical symmetry and we study the generalization of the Misner–Sharp–Hernandez mass to general spacetimes, i.e., the Hawking quasilocal mass. The latter is decomposed into a matte...

The present study investigated the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow and heat transfer on a stagnation point past stretching sheet in blood-based Casson ferrofluid with Newtonian heating boundary conditions. ferrite Fe3O4 cobalt CoFe2O4 ferroparticles suspended into fluid represent by human blood to form are numerically examined. mathematical model for which is non-linear partial differential equa...

The Weyl curvature includes the Newtonian field and an additional field, the so-called anti-Newtonian. In this paper, we use the Bianchi and Ricci identities to provide a set of constraints and propagations for the Weyl fields. The temporal evolutions of propagations manifest explicit solutions of gravitational waves. We see that models with purely Newtonian field are inconsistent with relativi...

The steady hydromagnetic flow in a porous medium of an incompressible viscous electrically conducting non-Newtonian fluid above an infinite rotating porous disk is studied with heat transfer. An external uniform magnetic field is applied perpendicular to the disk and a uniform injection or suction is applied through the surface of the disk. Numerical solutions of the nonlinear governing equatio...