Germinal centers (GCs) are the sites where memory B cells and plasma cells producing high-affinity antibodies are generated during T cell-dependent immune responses. The molecular control of GC B cell maintenance and differentiation remains incompletely understood. Activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway has been implicated; however, the distinct roles of the individual NF-κB transcription fa...

Abstract Background Diabetic encephalopathy is a severe diabetes complication with cognitive dysfunction and neuropsychiatric disability. The mechanisms underlying diabetic believed to be relevant oxidative stress, vascular amylin deposition, immune receptors, inflammation, etc. This study wanted evaluate the ability of curcumin its analog A13 alleviate stress inflammation in diabetes-induced d...

Purpose: To investigate the effect of Quyu Xiaozhong recipe (QYXZR) on acute mastitis induced by Staphylococcus aureus in rats via TLR4/NF-κB signal pathway.
 Methods: The rat model was constructed injecting into fourth pair nipples 5-7 days after parturition. were treated with drugs 12 h injection. Pathological changes mammary tissue determined using hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining. ...

Vibrio parahaemolyticus , one of the major causes vibriosis in aquatic animals, inflammation that may be related to tissue damage. Flagellin is structural component flagellum, and also an important virulence factor bacteria. The filament V. flagellum composed multiple flagellin subunits, including FlaA, FlaB, FlaC, FlaD, FlaE, FlaF which are virulence. We produced six recombinant through prokar...

Our previous study concerning brain trauma has shown that progesterone could regulate toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway in the brain, which also has been proved to play important roles in early brain injury (EBI) after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). The aim of the current study was to investigate whether progesterone administration modulated TLR4/N...

In the synovial cells of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), activation of the NF-κB pathway results in the transactivation of a multitude of responsive genes that contribute to the inflammatory phenotype, including TNFα from macrophages, matrix metalloproteinases from synovial fibroblasts and chemokines that recruit immune cells to the inflamed pannus. This is largely a consequence of act...

Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune disease featured by patches on the skin. It caused malfunction of immune cells and keratinocytes with inflammation as one its key features. Apigenin (API) natural flavonoid anti-inflammatory immunoregulatory properties. Therefore, we speculated that API can ameliorate psoriasis, determined effect development psoriasis using imiquimod (IMQ)-induced mouse model. ...

Purpose: To investigate the effect of phycocyanin on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, and possible mechanisms involved.
 Methods: Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into Sham group (only threading without ligation), IRI (myocardial injury group) (phycocyanin pretreatment + group). The heart was harvested cardiomyocytes isolated. Colorimetry used to determine ...

Lipid metabolism is crucially involved with the promotion of malignant progression and metastasis in various cancers. Growing evidence suggests that many types of cancers express high levels of sphingosine kinase 1 (Sphk1), which is known to mediate cell proliferation We hypothesized that Sphk1/sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) signaling contributes to tumor progression. In MCF10A and MCF10A-Sphk1 ...

Isochlorogenic acid C (ICAC) is found in a variety of natural foods and medicinal plant materials. This study aims to validate the biological activity isochlorogenic limiting inflammation by Erk/JNK/NF-κB pathway. In this study, TNF-α-induced human fibroblast-like synoviocytes collagen-induced arthritis animal models were used perceive potential anti-inflammation mechanism ICAC. The role was ev...