Wheat hardness by near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy: New insights by Marena Manley The determination of wheat hardness by the evaluation of whole wheat grain would be of considerable value to the UK Milling Industry. Until now, accurate whole wheat grain hardness predictions by NlR spectroscopy have only been reported for North American wheats. By the evaluation of selected samples of UK and Nor...

PURPOSE To determine the retinal disease expression in the rare form of Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA) caused by Lebercilin (LCA5) mutation. METHODS Two young unrelated LCA patients, ages six years (P1) and 25 years (P2) at last visit, both with the same homozygous mutation in the LCA5 gene, were evaluated clinically and with noninvasive studies. En face imaging was performed with near-infr...

The aim of this study is to evaluate the biochemical foundation and clinical capability of an image-guided near-infrared (NIR) autofluorescence (AF) spectroscopy technique for in vivo diagnosis of colonic malignancies during clinical colonoscopy. A novel endoscopic fiber-optic AF system was utilized for in vivo NIR AF measurements at 785 nm excitation. A total of 263 in vivo NIR AF spectra of c...

Conventional ocean color satellites sensors are not very suitable for inland and coastal waters applications due to their low spatial resolutions. High spatial resolution satellite sensors are required to monitor the water quality of inland and coastal waters. The conventional high-resolution satellites such as Landsat, SPOT and IKONOS have limited number of spectral bands. In comparison, the W...

Waters along China coast are very turbid with high concentrations of suspended sediment nearly all the time, especially at the Hangzhou Bay, the Yangtze River estuary and the shoal along Jiangsu province. In these turbid and optically complex waters, the standard MODIS ocean color products tend to have invalid values. Because the water-leaving radiances in the near-infrared (NIR) are significan...

Bio-optical algorithms for remote estimation of chlorophyll-a concentration (Chl) in case-1 waters exploit the upwelling radiation in the blue and green spectral regions. In turbid productive waters other constituents, that vary independently of Chl, absorb and scatter light in these spectral regions. As a consequence, the accurate estimation of Chl in turbid productive waters has so far not be...

Farmers must balance the competing goals of supplying contributions of background reflectance, while spectral vegetation indices that combined reflectances of near-infrared adequate N for their crops while minimizing N losses to the environment. To characterize the spatial variability of N and other visible bands (MCARI and NIR/Green) were responsive to both leaf chlorophyll concentrations and ...

OBJECTIVE To investigate in a large sample of consecutive patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) the possibility of including the presence of choroidal abnormalities detected by near-infrared reflectance (NIR) as a new diagnostic criterion for NF1. DESIGN Cross-sectional evaluation of a diagnostic test. PARTICIPANTS AND CONTROLS Ninety-five consecutive adult and pediatric patients (19...

Various kinds of natural garnets belonging to the almandine type (3FeO·Al2O3·3SiO2) were sprayed by plasma spray technique build coatings on metallic substrates. The experimental garnet powders came from different mines in Czech Republic and Mongolia. After coating cooling substrates removed. In this way, self-supporting plates obtained further studied with microscopy, X-ray diffraction, dielec...

Local and superficial near-infrared (NIR) optical-property characterization of turbid biological tissues can be achieved by measurement of spatially resolved diffuse reflectance at small source-detector separations (<1.4 mm). However, in these conditions the inverse problem, i.e., calculation of localized absorption and the reduced scattering coefficients, is necessarily sensitive to the scatte...