Thiosphaera pantotropha is capable of simultaneous heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification. Consequently, its nitrification potential could not be judged from nitrite accumulation, but was estimated from complete nitrogen balances. The maximum rate of nitrification obtained during these experiments was 93.9 nmol min mg of protein. The nitrification rate could be reduced by the p...

Recent high-profile efforts have called for integrating ecosystem-service values into important societal decisions, but there are few demonstrations of this approach in practice. We quantified ecosystem-service values to help the largest private landowner in Hawaii, Kamehameha Schools, design a land-use development plan that balances multiple private and public values on its North Shore land ho...

An experiment was conducted to examine the effect that various isoenergetic diets, containing different quantities of soluble carbohydrate and fiber and different types of starch, have on nitrogen (N) balances. Six lactating dairy cows in early to midlactation consuming grass silage diets with not less than 600 g/kg total DMI as forage were used in the experiment. Four concentrates were prepare...

It has been demonstrated that when mature, male, Sherman strain rats are fed 4.8 per cent DL-methionine while on a 12 per cent casein diet the animals soon attain nitrogen equilibrium or a small positive nitrogen balance (1, 2). The rats lose weight, however, even in positive balance, this loss resulting from a decrease in the fat stores of the body. At the end of 20 days the fat deposits are m...

Increasing nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) inputs have greatly contributed to the increasing food production in China during the last decades, but have also increased N and P losses to the environment. The pathways and magnitude of these losses are not well quantified. Here, we report on N and P use efficiencies and losses at a national scale in 2005, using the model NUFER (NUtrient flows in Fo...

It has been demonstrated that when mature, male, Sherman strain rats are fed 4.8 per cent DL-methionine while on a 12 per cent casein diet the animals soon attain nitrogen equilibrium or a small positive nitrogen balance (1, 2). The rats lose weight, however, even in positive balance, this loss resulting from a decrease in the fat stores of the body. At the end of 20 days the fat deposits are m...