Nitrogen dioxide exposure occurs in many civilian occupations as well as during military combat. Little interaction has occurred between the two communities in regards to the exchange of information about NO2 research. This presentation provides an overview of NO2 related epidemiology; available research models and issues of particular interest to both the civilian and military sectors; clinica...

Both nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and ozone (O3) are powerful oxidants in ambient air that are intimately linked through atmospheric chemistry and which continuously interchange over very short timescales. Based upon atmospheric chemistry alone, there is a strong, a priori, reason for considering O3 and NO2 together in epidemiological studies, rather than either of the two pollutants separately in si...

Clearance mechanisms are an integral part of pulmonary defense, serving to rid the lungs of inhaled particles that deposit upon airway surfaces. This is accomplished by mucociliary transport in conducting airways and to a large extent by alveolar macrophages in the respiratory region. This paper compares the effects of acute exposure to sulfuric acid (H2SO4), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), or ozone (O...

Surface-adsorbed organics can alter the chemistry of tropospheric aerosols thereby impacting photochemical cycles and altering aerosol properties. The nature of the surface can also influence the chemistry of the surface-adsorbed organic. We employed diffuse reflectance infrared spectroscopy (DRIFTS) to monitor the adsorption of gaseous catechol on several tropospheric aerosol surrogates and to...

RATIONALE Right heart failure is a cause of morbidity and mortality in common and rare heart and lung diseases. Exposure to traffic-related air pollution is linked to left ventricular hypertrophy, heart failure, and death. Relationships between traffic-related air pollution and right ventricular (RV) structure and function have not been studied. OBJECTIVES To characterize the relationship bet...

SCIAMACHY (Scanning Imaging Spectrometer for Atmospheric Chartography) aboard the recently launched Environmental Satellite (ENVISAT) of ESA is measuring solar radiance upwelling from the atmosphere and the extraterrestrial irradiance. Appropriate inversion of the ultraviolet and visible radiance measurements, observed from the atmospheric limb, yields profiles of nitrogen dioxide, NO2, in the ...

Nitrate and nitrite are present in the human oral cavity. The main origin of these components is nitrate that is contained in leafy vegetables such as lettuce and spinach (Tamme et al., 2006). Ingested nitrate is absorbed into human body by the intestine, and part of the absorbed nitrate is secreted into the oral cavity as a component of saliva. In the oral cavity, nitrate is reduced to nitrite...

The aims of the present study were to provide quantitative data on the impact of air pollution on the health of people living in Tehran city, the most populated city of Iran. The approach proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO) was applied using the AirQ 2.2.3 software developed by the WHO European Centre for Environment and Health, Bilthoven Division. Concentrations of ozone, nitrogen ...

OBJECTIVE To measure the effect of matter collected by a method that has a 50% efficiency for particles with an aerodynamic diameter of 10 microm (PM10), generated by gas and electric cooking, on A549 epithelial cells with and without nitrogen dioxide (NO2). METHOD Multiple indoor PM10 samples were collected on Teflon filters during the use of gas or electric cookers. Interleukin-8 (IL-8) con...

In order to estimate the welfare effects of exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO2), we combine life satsifaction data from the British Household Panel Survey (BHPS) and UK Household Longitudinal Survey (UKHLS) with detailed air quality records held by the UK Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA). To address endogeneity concerns, we linked these with a variety of georeferenced d...