introduction : factors like preparing pediatric patients for anesthesia and surgery, separating them from parents, peculiarity of operation rooms and painful procedures such as injection usually produce anxiety and lack of cooperation in children. oral premedication with a sedative, anti-anxiety drug which has no major side effects can response to these challenges. materials and methods : in th...

For many conservationists, butterflies are some of the key species that can indicate the quality of an environment not only for themselves but for many other, often less visible, species. Some of their specific needs are often well known, but movements around their habitat and important factors within it are less understood. To help address this issue, a new study reports for the first time the...