A generic M-ary continuous phase modulation (CPM) scheme, with a modulation index of h = M 1 , can be decomposed into a continuous-phase encoder (CPE) followed by a memoryless modulator (MM), where the CPE is linear over the ring of integers modulo M (M being the code radix). Thus, for a binary CPM scheme, M = 2 while for a quaternary scheme, M = 4. By designing a channel encoder (CE), which is...

This work investigates the general two-user Compound Broadcast Channel (BC) where an encoder wishes to transmit common and private messages to two receivers while being oblivious to two possible channel realizations controlling the communication. The focus is on the characterization of the largest achievable rate region by resorting to more evolved encoding and decoding techniques than the conv...

We address the concept of “minimal polynomial encoder” for finite support linear convolutional codes over Zpr . These codes can be interpreted as polynomial modules which enables us to apply results from the 2007-paper [8] to introduce the notions of “p-encoder” and “minimal p-encoder”. Here the latter notion is the ring analogon of a row reduced polynomial encoder from the field case. We show ...

Low-resolution digital encoder (LRDE) is commonly adopted as a position sensor in low-cost and resource-constraint applications. Traditionally, a digital encoder is modeled as a quantizer without considering the initial position of the LRDE. However, it cannot be applied to extreme LRDE for which stroke of angular motion is only a few times of resolution of the encoder. Besides, the actual angu...

STUDY QUESTION How often does out-of-pocket payment (OPP) for assisted reproduction techniques (ART) with conventional ovarian stimulation result in catastrophic expenditure for households? SUMMARY ANSWER Catastrophic cost was a frequent event affecting 51% of the poorest study participants and one in five couples in total. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY There is increasing concern about catastrophi...

BACKGROUND Economic burden to households due to out-of-pocket expenditure (OOPE) is large in many Asian countries. Though studies suggest increasing household poverty due to high OOPE in developing countries, studies on association of multidimensional poverty and household health spending is limited. This paper tests the hypothesis that the multidimensionally poor are more likely to incur catas...

Catastrophic risks are rare events with major consequences, e.g. catastrophic climate change or extinction of a species. The article summarizes decision theory involving catastrophic risks within Von Neumann’s axiomatic theory of choice under uncertainty, and within new extensions of the theory that are speci…cally designed for rare events of major consequences. The classic expected utility the...