We provide a model for the total energy of nematic liquid crystal elastomers whose elastic solid backbones have an average shape of non-uniform prolate spheroids along the director of crosslinked liquid crystalline molecules. This energy is a generalization of the Oseen-Frank free energy for nematic liquid crystals, but incorporates coherently the elastic deformation with changes in the shape a...

The increasing demand for the wide-range aircraft technique requires ground test facilities with continuous variation of Mach number. Owing to rigorous aerodynamic foundation and simple operation, single-jack flexible nozzle is widely used. However, there are still some problems in original nozzle, such as low number insufficient flow uniformity. This paper presents a novel design high uniformi...

a numerical study has been done through an al2o3–water in a double lid-driven  square  cavity with various  inclination  angles  and discrete heat sources. the top and right moving walls are at low temperature. half of  the  left and bottom walls are  insulated and  the  temperatures of the other half are kept at high. a large number of simulations for a wide  range  of richardson  number  of  ...

In the present study, nonlinear vibration of coupled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in presence of surface effect is investigated based on nonlocal Euler-Bernoulli beam (EBB) theory. CNTs are embedded in a visco-elastic medium and placed in the uniform longitudinal magnetic field. Using von Kármán geometric nonlinearity and Hamilton’s principle, the nonlinear higher order governing equations are deriv...

In this study, static and free vibration analyses of functionally graded (FG) nanocomposite plates, reinforced by wavy single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) resting on a Pasternak elastic foundation, were investigated based on a mesh-free method and modified first-order shear deformation theory (FSDT). Three linear types of FG nanocomposite plate distributions and a uniform distribution of wa...