Supercritical carbon dioxide is a promising green-chemistry solvent for many enzyme-catalyzed chemical reactions, yet the striking stability of some enzymes in such unconventional environments is not well understood. Here, we investigate the stabilization of the Candida antarctica Lipase B (CALB) in supercritical carbon dioxide-water biphasic systems using molecular dynamics simulations. The pr...

The detailed aggregation behavior of sodiumdodecyl sulfate (SDS) in tetrahydrofuran (Tf)-water (W) and formamide (Fa)-water (W) media at varied volume percent compositions has been investigated. Surface tension (ST), conductance (Cond), viscosity (Visc), isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and small angle neutron scattering (SANS) were used in this study. Th...

HYPOTHESIS The interaction of Aerosol OT (AOT) surfactant with systems of model colloids in nonaqueous solvents (water-in-oil microemulsions, surfactant-stabilized silica organosols, and sterically-stabilized PMMA latexes) is expected to be system specific. Two limiting cases are expected: adsorption, with surfactant located at the particle surfaces, or absorption, with surfactant incorporated ...

Sterically-stabilized poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) latexes dispersed in nonpolar solvents are a classic, well-studied system in colloid science. This is because they can easily be synthesized with a narrow size distribution and because they interact essentially as hard spheres. These PMMA latexes can be charged using several methods (by adding surfactants, incorporating ionizable groups, or...

As the energy density of state-of-the-art lithium (Li)-ion batteries (LIBs) increases, safety concern LIBs using liquid electrolytes is drawing increasing attention. Flammability a critical link overall performance and Li metal batteries. For this reason, intensive efforts have been devoted to suppressing flammability electrolytes. In short review, common approaches reduce nonaqueous will be su...

Hydrophobic free energy has been widely accepted as a major force driving protein folding [1, 2], although a dispute over its proper definition earlier made this issue controversial. When a hydrocarbon solute is transferred from water to a nonaqueous solvent, or a nonpolar side chain of a protein is buried in its hydrophobic core through folding, the transfer free energy is referred to as hydro...

A nonaqueous fractionation method to obtain highly purified mesophyll chloroplasts from lyophilized leaves of Zea mays L. is described. The levels of several metabolites including pyruvate were determined in the purified mesophyll chloroplast fractions which were prepared from leaves exposed to different light intensities. The role of pyruvate in the regulation of pyruvate,Pi dikinase in these ...