Radiol Bras. 2016 Jul/Ago;49(4):V Imaging studies of patients with tuberculosis have been the subject of a number of recent publications in Brazil radiology literature. Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are increasingly recognized as a major cause of lung infection in immunocompetent patients. Unlike Mycobacterium tuberculosis, that only humans are reservoirs, NTM are frequently isolated from e...

BACKGROUND In areas where both tuberculosis (TB) and nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are prevalent, descriptive studies of the clinical features of individual mycobacteria are needed to inform clinical triage. METHODS We queried the University of Virginia Clinical Data Repository for all mycobacterial infections from 2001-2009. RESULTS Of 494 mycobacterial infections in 467 patients there...

BACKGROUND Recently, increased levels of high-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) have been identified in various inflammatory conditions and infections. However, no studies have evaluated the HMGB1 level in nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) lung disease, and compared it to mycobacterial lung disease. METHODS A total of 60 patients newly diagnosed with NTM lung disease, 44 culture-positive ...

Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) include more than 160 ubiquitous, environmental, acid-fast-staining bacterial species, some of which may cause disease in humans. Chronic pulmonary infection is the most common clinical manifestation. Although patients suffering from chronic lung diseases are particularly susceptible to NTM pulmonary disease, many affected patients have no apparent risk factor...

BACKGROUND Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are different from Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) both in their ubiquitous environmental distribution and in their reduced capacity to cause disease. While often neglected in favour of other infectious diseases, NTM may interfere with important aspects of TB control and management, namely the efficacy of new anti-tuberculosis (TB) vaccines; the im...

BACKGROUND PCR is a widely used method for rapid and accurate diagnosis of mycobacteriosis. The sensitivity and specificity of a real time PCR kit newly developed in Korea were evaluated for detecting mycobacteria in respiratory specimens. METHODS One hundred twenty nine Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB) culture positive respiratory specimens (82 AFB stain positive and 47 stain negative specime...

BACKGROUND Few studies have examined the association of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with nontuberculosis mycobacterium (NTM) disease and pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). METHODS We identified 29 131 patients with RA from the catastrophic illness registry who were diagnosed from 1998-2008; 116 524 patients without RA from inpatient data files were randomly frequency matched according to sex, age, a...

An unexpected increase in positive sputum cultures of non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) was noted in Hong Kong in 1990 compared to previous years, in contrast to a steady decline in the number of positive cultures of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. A retrospective case note study was therefore undertaken to ascertain the clinical importance of the rise in NTM isolates. A representative sample of 1...

BACKGROUND Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are environmental organisms associated with a range of infections. Reports of NTM epidemiology are mainly focused on pulmonary infections and isolations, and extrapulmonary infections are less frequently described. METHODS We conducted a retrospective study of NTM infections at the Bordeaux University Hospital, France, between January 2002 and Dece...

BACKGROUND Early diagnosis and treatment of nontuberculous mycobacterial lung diseases (NTM-LD) and pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) are important clinical issues. The present study aimed to compare and identify the chest CT characteristics that help to distinguish NTM lung disease from PTB in patients with acid-fast bacilli (AFB) smear-positive sputum. METHODS From January 2009 to April 2012, we...