Section 507(o) of the Energy Policy Act requires state governments to purchase an increasing percentage of alternative fueled vehicles for their light-duty vehicle (LDV) fleets. This requirement began in model year 1996. To determine the effect of this mandate, this paper estimates the total number of state vehicles that may be "covered" under this mandate and the number of alternative fueled L...

background: xylene is known as one of the most toxic of the nervous system. the purpose of this study is to estimate the concentration of xylene in the cabin of the vehicles production in iran. also the effect of ventilation, cigarette smoking, and air freshener inside the vehicle, fuel type and car decorations on the concentration of the substance being studied.   methods: 152 vehicles pride a...

solvable graphs (also known as reachable graphs) are types of graphs that any arrangement of a specified number of agents located on the graph’s vertices can be reached from any initial arrangement through agents’ moves along the graph’s edges, while avoiding deadlocks (interceptions). in this paper, the properties of solvable graphs are investigated, and a new concept in multi agent moti...

vehicles have an important role in passenger transportation in iran. this paper runs an economic appraisal on intercity buses, minibuses and public four-seated conveyances of mazandaran province in view point of private and public sectors. the benefit-cost ratio, costs adjusted efficiency, necessary capital for job creation for a labor force and labor force adjusted productivity, which are used...

one of the important issues in transportation and logistics systems is vehicle routing problem (vrp). the vehicle routing problem is concerned with finding efficient routes of minimum total cost, beginning and ending at a central depot, for a fleet of vehicles to serve a number of customers. on the other hand, as a result of the increasing environmental concerns, economic problems and pressure ...

Vehicular ad hoc networks are an emerging technology with an extensive capability in various applications including vehicles safety, traffic management and intelligent transportation systems. Considering the high mobility of vehicles and their inhomogeneous distributions, designing an efficient routing protocol seems necessary. Given the fact that a road is crowded at some sections and is not c...

Monitoring and observation of moving vehicles is beneficial for the analysis of traffic flow and cognition of other events. For identifying motion from the video feed, the system applies adaptive background subtraction using the OpenCV library for obtaining the threshold images containing blobs which represent moving vehicles. Applying certain operations on the blobs, the speed, class and numbe...