Dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent environmental contaminants that bioaccumulate up the food chain (1-3). Human exposure is largely via microcontamination of animal products in the diet (4-72. Lactational transfer is a major route of exposure to the nursing infant (8,9); approximately 10-12% of total lifetime exposure can occur via nursing (10). A nursing infant may rec...

INTRODUCTION The aim of this principle-based concept analysis was to analyze caring in nursing education and to explain the current state of the science based on epistemologic, pragmatic, linguistic, and logical philosophical principles. METHODS A principle-based concept analysis method was used to analyze the nursing literature. The dataset included 46 English language studies, published fro...

Postoperative monitoring of pain and distress in small rodents is not standardized, and widely accepted score sheets are not available. Here we describe a score sheet used in abdominal surgery of rodents, with particular reference to procedures involving the liver.

While serving as the on-call physician for a nursing home, you are contacted by the floor nurse about A.R., a 78-year-old woman who refused her medications and physical therapy. A.R. was transferred to the nursing home one week earlier for skilled rehabilitation after an elective and uneventful bio-prosthetic aortic valve replacement. Her medical history includes mild Alzheimer’s dementia, bila...

INTRODUCTION Hospital medical emergency teams (METs) have been implemented to reduce cardiac arrests and hospital mortality. The timing and system factors associated with their activation are poorly understood. We sought to determine the circadian pattern of MET activation and to relate it to nursing and medical activities. METHOD We conducted a retrospective observational study of the time o...